diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
index 7751f1959..e056d58c5 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
@@ -312,14 +312,12 @@ int SrsHttpVhost::response_flv_file2(SrsSocket* skt, SrsHttpMessage* req, string
     }
     
     // save header, send later.
-    char* flv_header = NULL;
-    int flv_size = 0;
+    char flv_header[13];
     
     // send flv header
-    if ((ret = ffd.read_header(&flv_header, &flv_size)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    if ((ret = ffd.read_header_ext(flv_header)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
-    SrsAutoFree(char, flv_header);
     
     // save sequence header, send later
     char* sh_data = NULL;
@@ -328,7 +326,7 @@ int SrsHttpVhost::response_flv_file2(SrsSocket* skt, SrsHttpMessage* req, string
     if (true) {
         // send sequence header
         int64_t start = 0;
-        if ((ret = ffd.read_sequence_header(&start, &sh_size)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+        if ((ret = ffd.read_sequence_header_summary(&start, &sh_size)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             return ret;
         }
         if (sh_size <= 0) {
@@ -350,7 +348,7 @@ int SrsHttpVhost::response_flv_file2(SrsSocket* skt, SrsHttpMessage* req, string
     std::stringstream ss;
 
     res_status_line(ss)->res_content_type_flv(ss)
-        ->res_content_length(ss, (int)(flv_size + sh_size + left));
+        ->res_content_length(ss, (int)(sizeof(flv_header) + sh_size + left));
         
     if (req->requires_crossdomain()) {
         res_enable_crossdomain(ss);
@@ -363,7 +361,7 @@ int SrsHttpVhost::response_flv_file2(SrsSocket* skt, SrsHttpMessage* req, string
         return ret;
     }
     
-    if (flv_size > 0 && (ret = skt->write(flv_header, flv_size, NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    if ((ret = skt->write(flv_header, sizeof(flv_header), NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
     if (sh_size > 0 && (ret = skt->write(sh_data, sh_size, NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
diff --git a/trunk/src/core/srs_core.hpp b/trunk/src/core/srs_core.hpp
old mode 100755
new mode 100644
index 5ac15c89b..2bd9eac5b
--- a/trunk/src/core/srs_core.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/core/srs_core.hpp
@@ -1,99 +1,99 @@
-/*
-The MIT License (MIT)
-
-Copyright (c) 2013-2014 winlin
-
-Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
-this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
-the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
-use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
-the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
-subject to the following conditions:
-
-The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
-copies or substantial portions of the Software.
-
-THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
-IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
-FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
-COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
-IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
-CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
-*/
-
-#ifndef SRS_CORE_HPP
-#define SRS_CORE_HPP
-
-/*
-#include <srs_core.hpp>
-*/
-
-// current release version
-#define VERSION_MAJOR "0"
-#define VERSION_MINOR "9"
-#define VERSION_REVISION "146"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_VERSION VERSION_MAJOR"."VERSION_MINOR"."VERSION_REVISION
-// server info.
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_KEY "SRS"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_ROLE "origin/edge server"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_NAME RTMP_SIG_SRS_KEY"(Simple RTMP Server)"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL_SHORT "github.com/winlinvip/simple-rtmp-server"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL "https://"RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL_SHORT
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_WEB "http://blog.csdn.net/win_lin"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_EMAIL "winlin@vip.126.com"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_LICENSE "The MIT License (MIT)"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_COPYRIGHT "Copyright (c) 2013-2014 winlin"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_PRIMARY_AUTHROS "winlin,wenjie.zhao"
-#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_CONTRIBUTORS_URL RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL"/blob/master/AUTHORS.txt"
-
-/**
-* the core provides the common defined macros, utilities,
-* user must include the srs_core.hpp before any header, or maybe 
-* build failed.
-*/
-
-// for 32bit os, 2G big file limit for unistd io, 
-// ie. read/write/lseek to use 64bits size for huge file.
-#ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
-    #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
-#endif
-
-// for int64_t print using PRId64 format.
-#ifndef __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
-    #define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
-#endif
-#include <inttypes.h>
-
-#include <assert.h>
-#define srs_assert(expression) assert(expression)
-
-#include <stddef.h>
-#include <sys/types.h>
-
-// generated by configure.
-#include <srs_auto_headers.hpp>
-
-// free the p and set to NULL.
-// p must be a T*.
-#define srs_freep(p) \
-    if (p) { \
-        delete p; \
-        p = NULL; \
-    } \
-    (void)0
-// sometimes, the freepa is useless,
-// it's recomments to free each elem explicit.
-// so we remove the srs_freepa utility.
-
-/**
-* disable copy constructor of class
-*/
-#define disable_default_copy(className)\
-    private:\
-        /** \
-        * disable the copy constructor and operator=, donot allow directly copy. \
-        */ \
-        className(const className&); \
-        className& operator= (const className&)
-
-#endif
+/*
+The MIT License (MIT)
+
+Copyright (c) 2013-2014 winlin
+
+Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
+this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
+the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
+use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
+the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
+subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
+FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
+COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
+IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
+CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#ifndef SRS_CORE_HPP
+#define SRS_CORE_HPP
+
+/*
+#include <srs_core.hpp>
+*/
+
+// current release version
+#define VERSION_MAJOR "0"
+#define VERSION_MINOR "9"
+#define VERSION_REVISION "147"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_VERSION VERSION_MAJOR"."VERSION_MINOR"."VERSION_REVISION
+// server info.
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_KEY "SRS"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_ROLE "origin/edge server"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_NAME RTMP_SIG_SRS_KEY"(Simple RTMP Server)"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL_SHORT "github.com/winlinvip/simple-rtmp-server"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL "https://"RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL_SHORT
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_WEB "http://blog.csdn.net/win_lin"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_EMAIL "winlin@vip.126.com"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_LICENSE "The MIT License (MIT)"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_COPYRIGHT "Copyright (c) 2013-2014 winlin"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_PRIMARY_AUTHROS "winlin,wenjie.zhao"
+#define RTMP_SIG_SRS_CONTRIBUTORS_URL RTMP_SIG_SRS_URL"/blob/master/AUTHORS.txt"
+
+/**
+* the core provides the common defined macros, utilities,
+* user must include the srs_core.hpp before any header, or maybe 
+* build failed.
+*/
+
+// for 32bit os, 2G big file limit for unistd io, 
+// ie. read/write/lseek to use 64bits size for huge file.
+#ifndef _FILE_OFFSET_BITS
+    #define _FILE_OFFSET_BITS 64
+#endif
+
+// for int64_t print using PRId64 format.
+#ifndef __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
+    #define __STDC_FORMAT_MACROS
+#endif
+#include <inttypes.h>
+
+#include <assert.h>
+#define srs_assert(expression) assert(expression)
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+
+// generated by configure.
+#include <srs_auto_headers.hpp>
+
+// free the p and set to NULL.
+// p must be a T*.
+#define srs_freep(p) \
+    if (p) { \
+        delete p; \
+        p = NULL; \
+    } \
+    (void)0
+// sometimes, the freepa is useless,
+// it's recomments to free each elem explicit.
+// so we remove the srs_freepa utility.
+
+/**
+* disable copy constructor of class
+*/
+#define disable_default_copy(className)\
+    private:\
+        /** \
+        * disable the copy constructor and operator=, donot allow directly copy. \
+        */ \
+        className(const className&); \
+        className& operator= (const className&)
+
+#endif
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
index edf09e085..7a195d5e6 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_error.hpp
@@ -119,8 +119,7 @@ CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #define ERROR_SYSTEM_FILE_RENAME            429
 #define ERROR_SYSTEM_CREATE_PIPE            430
 #define ERROR_SYSTEM_FILE_SEEK              431
-#define ERROR_SYSTEM_FLV_HEADER             432
-#define ERROR_SYSTEM_IO_INVALID             433
+#define ERROR_SYSTEM_IO_INVALID             432
 
 // see librtmp.
 // failed when open ssl create the dh
@@ -189,12 +188,15 @@ CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 #define ERROR_HTTP_FLV_SEQUENCE_HEADER      806
 #define ERROR_HTTP_FLV_OFFSET_OVERFLOW      807
 
+#define ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_HEADER             900
+#define ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_STREAM_CLOSED      901
+
 // system control message, 
 // not an error, but special control logic.
 // sys ctl: rtmp close stream, support replay.
-#define ERROR_CONTROL_RTMP_CLOSE            900
+#define ERROR_CONTROL_RTMP_CLOSE            2000
 // FMLE stop publish and republish.
-#define ERROR_CONTROL_REPUBLISH             901
+#define ERROR_CONTROL_REPUBLISH             2001
 
 /**
 * whether the error code is an system control error.
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
index 6f737b881..50071429c 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
@@ -53,6 +53,12 @@ int SrsFlvEncoder::initialize(SrsFileWriter* fs)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    if (!fs->is_open()) {
+        ret = ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_STREAM_CLOSED;
+        srs_warn("stream is not open for decoder. ret=%d", ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    
     _fs = fs;
     
     return ret;
@@ -92,7 +98,7 @@ int SrsFlvEncoder::write_header(char flv_header[9])
         return ret;
     }
     
-    char pts[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00 };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00 };
     if ((ret = _fs->write(pts, 4, NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -104,6 +110,7 @@ int SrsFlvEncoder::write_metadata(char* data, int size)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    // 11 bytes tag header
     static char tag_header[] = {
         (char)18, // TagType UB [5], 18 = script data
         (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
@@ -240,6 +247,12 @@ int SrsFlvDecoder::initialize(SrsFileReader* fs)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    if (!fs->is_open()) {
+        ret = ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_STREAM_CLOSED;
+        srs_warn("stream is not open for decoder. ret=%d", ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    
     _fs = fs;
     
     return ret;
@@ -255,7 +268,7 @@ int SrsFlvDecoder::read_header(char header[9])
     
     char* h = header;
     if (h[0] != 'F' || h[1] != 'L' || h[2] != 'V') {
-        ret = ERROR_SYSTEM_FLV_HEADER;
+        ret = ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_HEADER;
         srs_warn("flv header must start with FLV. ret=%d", ret);
         return ret;
     }
@@ -345,35 +358,37 @@ int SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder::initialize(SrsFileReader* fs)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
+    if (!fs->is_open()) {
+        ret = ERROR_KERNEL_FLV_STREAM_CLOSED;
+        srs_warn("stream is not open for decoder. ret=%d", ret);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    
     _fs = fs;
     
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder::read_header(char** pdata, int* psize)
+int SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder::read_header_ext(char header[13])
 {
-    *pdata = NULL;
-    *psize = 0;
-    
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
     srs_assert(_fs);
     
+    // @remark, always false, for sizeof(char[13]) equals to sizeof(char*)
+    //srs_assert(13 == sizeof(header));
+    
     // 9bytes header and 4bytes first previous-tag-size
     int size = 13;
-    char* buf = new char[size];
     
-    if ((ret = _fs->read(buf, size, NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    if ((ret = _fs->read(header, size, NULL)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
     
-    *pdata = buf;
-    *psize = size;
-    
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder::read_sequence_header(int64_t* pstart, int* psize)
+int SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder::read_sequence_header_summary(int64_t* pstart, int* psize)
 {
     *pstart = 0;
     *psize = 0;
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
index c22c14d72..015250d15 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public:
     virtual int write_header(char flv_header[9]);
     /**
     * write flv metadata. 
-    * serialize from:
+    * @param data, the amf0 metadata which serialize from:
     *   AMF0 string: onMetaData,
     *   AMF0 object: the metadata object.
     */
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public:
     */
     virtual int write_audio(int64_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
     virtual int write_video(int64_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
+public:
     /**
     * get the tag size,
     * including the tag header, body, and 4bytes previous tag size.
@@ -134,13 +135,17 @@ public:
     virtual int initialize(SrsFileReader* fs);
 public:
     /**
-    * read the flv header and size.
+    * read the flv header and its size.
+    * @param header, fill it 13bytes(9bytes header, 4bytes previous tag size).
     */
-    virtual int read_header(char** pdata, int* psize);
+    virtual int read_header_ext(char header[13]);
     /**
-    * read the sequence header and size.
+    * read the sequence header tags offset and its size.
+    * @param pstart, the start offset of sequence header.
+    * @param psize, output the size, (tag header)+(tag body)+(4bytes previous tag size).
+    * @remark we think the first audio/video is sequence header.
     */
-    virtual int read_sequence_header(int64_t* pstart, int* psize);
+    virtual int read_sequence_header_summary(int64_t* pstart, int* psize);
 public:
     /**
     * for start offset, seed to this position and response flv stream.
diff --git a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.cpp b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.cpp
index 2098ff0ce..d30190104 100644
--- a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.cpp
@@ -557,31 +557,6 @@ namespace srs
         return bytes;
     }
     
-    /**
-    * compare the memory in bytes.
-    */
-    bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size)
-    {
-        u_int8_t* a = (u_int8_t*)pa;
-        u_int8_t* b = (u_int8_t*)pb;
-        
-        if (!a && !b) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        
-        if (!a || !b) {
-            return false;
-        }
-        
-        for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
-            if(a[i] != b[i]){
-                return false;
-            }
-        }
-    
-        return true;
-    }
-    
     c2s2::c2s2()
     {
         srs_random_generate(random, 1504);
diff --git a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.hpp b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.hpp
index d4ed01cd9..2f2041155 100644
--- a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_handshake.hpp
@@ -167,11 +167,6 @@ namespace srs
     */
     char* srs_bytes_join_schema1(int32_t time, int32_t version, digest_block* digest, key_block* key);
     
-    /**
-    * compare the memory in bytes.
-    */
-    bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size);
-    
     /**
     * c1s1 schema0
     *     time: 4bytes
diff --git a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.cpp b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
index 86448312d..f85c06b57 100644
--- a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
@@ -126,3 +126,28 @@ string srs_generate_tc_url(string ip, string vhost, string app, string port)
     
     return tcUrl;
 }
+
+/**
+* compare the memory in bytes.
+*/
+bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size)
+{
+    u_int8_t* a = (u_int8_t*)pa;
+    u_int8_t* b = (u_int8_t*)pb;
+    
+    if (!a && !b) {
+        return true;
+    }
+    
+    if (!a || !b) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    
+    for(int i = 0; i < size; i++){
+        if(a[i] != b[i]){
+            return false;
+        }
+    }
+
+    return true;
+}
diff --git a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.hpp b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
index 2def50324..06007df40 100644
--- a/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/rtmp/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
@@ -58,4 +58,9 @@ extern void srs_random_generate(char* bytes, int size);
 // generate the tcUrl.
 extern std::string srs_generate_tc_url(std::string ip, std::string vhost, std::string app, std::string port);
 
+/**
+* compare the memory in bytes.
+*/
+extern bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size);
+
 #endif
diff --git a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
index 8c9e45729..9800614a0 100644
--- a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
@@ -27,93 +27,155 @@ using namespace std;
 #include <srs_kernel_error.hpp>
 #include <srs_kernel_codec.hpp>
 #include <srs_kernel_flv.hpp>
+#include <srs_kernel_utility.hpp>
+#include <srs_protocol_utility.hpp>
+
+#define MAX_MOCK_DATA_SIZE 1024 * 1024
 
 MockSrsFileWriter::MockSrsFileWriter()
 {
+    data = new char[MAX_MOCK_DATA_SIZE];
+    offset = -1;
 }
 
 MockSrsFileWriter::~MockSrsFileWriter()
 {
+    srs_freep(data);
 }
 
-int MockSrsFileWriter::open(string file)
+int MockSrsFileWriter::open(string /*file*/)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
+    offset = 0;
+    
     return ret;
 }
 
 void MockSrsFileWriter::close()
 {
-    int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
-    return;
+    offset = 0;
 }
 
 bool MockSrsFileWriter::is_open()
 {
-    return true;
+    return offset >= 0;
 }
 
 int64_t MockSrsFileWriter::tellg()
 {
-    return 0;
+    return offset;
 }
 
 int MockSrsFileWriter::write(void* buf, size_t count, ssize_t* pnwrite)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
+    int size = srs_min(MAX_MOCK_DATA_SIZE - offset, count);
+    
+    memcpy(data + offset, buf, size);
+
+    if (pnwrite) {
+        *pnwrite = size;
+    }
+    
+    offset += size;
+    
     return ret;
 }
 
+void MockSrsFileWriter::mock_reset_offset()
+{
+    offset = 0;
+}
+
 MockSrsFileReader::MockSrsFileReader()
 {
+    data = new char[MAX_MOCK_DATA_SIZE];
+    size = 0;
+    offset = -1;
 }
 
 MockSrsFileReader::~MockSrsFileReader()
 {
+    srs_freep(data);
 }
 
-int MockSrsFileReader::open(string file)
+int MockSrsFileReader::open(string /*file*/)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
+    offset = 0;
+    
     return ret;
 }
 
 void MockSrsFileReader::close()
 {
-    int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
-    return;
+    offset = 0;
 }
 
 bool MockSrsFileReader::is_open()
 {
-    return true;
+    return offset >= 0;
 }
 
 int64_t MockSrsFileReader::tellg()
 {
-    return 0;
+    return offset;
 }
 
-void MockSrsFileReader::skip(int64_t size)
+void MockSrsFileReader::skip(int64_t _size)
 {
+    offset += _size;
 }
 
-int64_t MockSrsFileReader::lseek(int64_t offset)
+int64_t MockSrsFileReader::lseek(int64_t _offset)
 {
+    offset = (int)_offset;
     return offset;
 }
 
 int64_t MockSrsFileReader::filesize()
 {
-    return 0;
+    return size;
 }
 
 int MockSrsFileReader::read(void* buf, size_t count, ssize_t* pnread)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
+    
+    int s = srs_min(size - offset, (int)count);
+    
+    if (s <= 0) {
+        return ret;
+    }
+    
+    memcpy(buf, data + offset, s);
+
+    if (pnread) {
+        *pnread = s;
+    }
+    
+    offset += s;
+    
     return ret;
 }
 
+void MockSrsFileReader::mock_append_data(const char* _data, int _size)
+{
+    int s = srs_min(MAX_MOCK_DATA_SIZE - offset, _size);
+    memcpy(data + offset, _data, s);
+    
+    offset += s;
+    size += s;
+}
+
+void MockSrsFileReader::mock_reset_offset()
+{
+    offset = 0;
+}
+
 VOID TEST(KernelCodecTest, IsKeyFrame)
 {
     int8_t data;
@@ -196,9 +258,431 @@ VOID TEST(KernelCodecTest, IsAudioSequenceHeader)
     EXPECT_FALSE(SrsFlvCodec::video_is_sequence_header((int8_t*)pp, 2));
 }
 
-VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, IsAudioSequenceHeader)
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderStreamClosed)
+{
+    MockSrsFileWriter fs;
+    SrsFlvEncoder enc;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS != enc.initialize(&fs));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderWriteHeader)
+{
+    MockSrsFileWriter fs;
+    SrsFlvEncoder enc;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // write header, 9bytes
+    char flv_header[] = {
+        'F', 'L', 'V', // Signatures "FLV"
+        (char)0x01, // File version (for example, 0x01 for FLV version 1)
+        (char)0x00, // 4, audio; 1, video; 5 audio+video.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x09 // DataOffset UI32 The length of this header in bytes
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00 };
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.write_header());
+    ASSERT_TRUE(9 + 4 == fs.offset);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(flv_header, fs.data, 9));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, fs.data + 9, 4));
+
+    // customer header
+    flv_header[3] = 0xF0;
+    flv_header[4] = 0xF1;
+    flv_header[5] = 0x01;
+    
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.write_header(flv_header));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(9 + 4 == fs.offset);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(flv_header, fs.data, 9));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, fs.data + 9, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderWriteMetadata)
+{
+    MockSrsFileWriter fs;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    SrsFlvEncoder enc;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11 bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)18, // TagType UB [5], 18 = script data
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char md[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.write_metadata(md, 8));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(11 + 8 + 4 == fs.offset);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(tag_header, fs.data, 11));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(md, fs.data + 11, 8));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(true); // donot know why, if not add it, the print is disabled.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, fs.data + 19, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderWriteAudio)
+{
+    MockSrsFileWriter fs;
+    SrsFlvEncoder enc;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)8, // TagType UB [5], 8 = audio
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char audio[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.write_audio(0x30, audio, 8));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(11 + 8 + 4 == fs.offset);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(tag_header, fs.data, 11));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(audio, fs.data + 11, 8));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(true); // donot know why, if not add it, the print is disabled.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, fs.data + 11 + 8, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderWriteVideo)
 {
     MockSrsFileWriter fs;
     SrsFlvEncoder enc;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
     ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)9, // TagType UB [5], 9 = video
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char video[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == enc.write_video(0x30, video, 8));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(11 + 8 + 4 == fs.offset);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(tag_header, fs.data, 11));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(video, fs.data + 11, 8));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(true); // donot know why, if not add it, the print is disabled.
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, fs.data + 11 + 8, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvEncoderSizeTag)
+{
+    EXPECT_EQ(11+4+10, SrsFlvEncoder::size_tag(10));
+    EXPECT_EQ(11+4+0, SrsFlvEncoder::size_tag(0));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderStreamClosed)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS != dec.initialize(&fs));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderHeader)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 9bytes
+    char flv_header[] = {
+        'F', 'L', 'V', // Signatures "FLV"
+        (char)0x01, // File version (for example, 0x01 for FLV version 1)
+        (char)0x00, // 4, audio; 1, video; 5 audio+video.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x09 // DataOffset UI32 The length of this header in bytes
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00 };
+    fs.mock_append_data(flv_header, 9);
+    fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    
+    char data[1024];
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_header(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(flv_header, data, 9));
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_previous_tag_size(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, data, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderMetadata)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11 bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)18, // TagType UB [5], 18 = script data
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char md[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+    fs.mock_append_data(md, 8);
+    fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    
+    char type = 0;
+    int32_t size = 0;
+    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    char data[1024];
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_header(&type, &size, &time));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(18 == type);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(8 == size);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(0 == time);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_data(data, size));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(md, data, 8));
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_previous_tag_size(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, data, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderAudio)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)8, // TagType UB [5], 8 = audio
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char audio[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+    fs.mock_append_data(audio, 8);
+    fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    
+    char type = 0;
+    int32_t size = 0;
+    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    char data[1024];
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_header(&type, &size, &time));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(8 == type);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(8 == size);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(0x30 == time);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_data(data, size));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(audio, data, 8));
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_previous_tag_size(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, data, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderVideo)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)9, // TagType UB [5], 9 = video
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    char video[] = {
+        (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+        (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+    fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+    fs.mock_append_data(video, 8);
+    fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    
+    char type = 0;
+    int32_t size = 0;
+    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    char data[1024];
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_header(&type, &size, &time));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(9 == type);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(8 == size);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(0x30 == time);
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_tag_data(data, size));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(video, data, 8));
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_previous_tag_size(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(pts, data, 4));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvVSDecoderStreamClosed)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS != dec.initialize(&fs));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvVSDecoderHeader)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder dec;
+    
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 9bytes
+    char flv_header[] = {
+        'F', 'L', 'V', // Signatures "FLV"
+        (char)0x01, // File version (for example, 0x01 for FLV version 1)
+        (char)0x00, // 4, audio; 1, video; 5 audio+video.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x09 // DataOffset UI32 The length of this header in bytes
+    };
+    char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00 };
+    fs.mock_append_data(flv_header, 9);
+    fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    
+    char data[1024];
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_header_ext(data));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(srs_bytes_equals(flv_header, data, 9));
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvVSDecoderSequenceHeader)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    if (true) {
+        // 11 bytes tag header
+        char tag_header[] = {
+            (char)18, // TagType UB [5], 18 = script data
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+            (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+        };
+        char md[] = {
+            (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+            (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+        };
+        char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+        fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+        fs.mock_append_data(md, 8);
+        fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    }
+    if (true) {
+        // 11bytes tag header
+        char tag_header[] = {
+            (char)8, // TagType UB [5], 8 = audio
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+            (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+        };
+        char audio[] = {
+            (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+            (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+        };
+        char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+        fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+        fs.mock_append_data(audio, 8);
+        fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    }
+    if (true) {
+        // 11bytes tag header
+        char tag_header[] = {
+            (char)9, // TagType UB [5], 9 = video
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+            (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+            (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+        };
+        char video[] = {
+            (char)0x01, (char)0x02, (char)0x03, (char)0x04,
+            (char)0x04, (char)0x03, (char)0x02, (char)0x01
+        };
+        char pts[] = { (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)19 };
+        fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+        fs.mock_append_data(video, 8);
+        fs.mock_append_data(pts, 4);
+    }
+    
+    fs.mock_reset_offset();
+    
+    int64_t start = 0;
+    int size = 0;
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.read_sequence_header_summary(&start, &size));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(23 == start);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(46 == size);
+}
+
+VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvVSDecoderSeek)
+{
+    MockSrsFileReader fs;
+    SrsFlvVodStreamDecoder dec;
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == fs.open(""));
+    ASSERT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.initialize(&fs));
+    
+    // 11bytes tag header
+    char tag_header[] = {
+        (char)8, // TagType UB [5], 8 = audio
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x08, // DataSize UI24 Length of the message.
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x30, // Timestamp UI24 Time in milliseconds at which the data in this tag applies.
+        (char)0x00, // TimestampExtended UI8
+        (char)0x00, (char)0x00, (char)0x00, // StreamID UI24 Always 0.
+    };
+    fs.mock_append_data(tag_header, 11);
+    EXPECT_TRUE(11 == fs.offset);
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.lseek(0));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(0 == fs.offset);
+
+    EXPECT_TRUE(ERROR_SUCCESS == dec.lseek(5));
+    EXPECT_TRUE(5 == fs.offset);
 }
diff --git a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.hpp b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.hpp
index 3e6723f69..0038d5ed8 100644
--- a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.hpp
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 
 class MockSrsFileWriter : public SrsFileWriter
 {
+public:
+    char* data;
+    int offset;
 public:
     MockSrsFileWriter();
     virtual ~MockSrsFileWriter();
@@ -45,10 +48,17 @@ public:
     virtual int64_t tellg();
 public:
     virtual int write(void* buf, size_t count, ssize_t* pnwrite);
+// for mock
+public:
+    void mock_reset_offset();
 };
 
 class MockSrsFileReader : public SrsFileReader
 {
+public:
+    char* data;
+    int size;
+    int offset;
 public:
     MockSrsFileReader();
     virtual ~MockSrsFileReader();
@@ -63,6 +73,11 @@ public:
     virtual int64_t filesize();
 public:
     virtual int read(void* buf, size_t count, ssize_t* pnread);
+// for mock
+public:
+    // append data to current offset, modify the offset and size.
+    void mock_append_data(const char* _data, int _size);
+    void mock_reset_offset();
 };
 
 #endif