diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_aac_raw_publish.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_aac_raw_publish.c
index d944f3d9d..230303f2e 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_aac_raw_publish.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_aac_raw_publish.c
@@ -136,8 +136,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     }
     srs_human_trace("publish stream success");
     
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
-    u_int32_t time_delta = 45;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t time_delta = 45;
     // @remark, to decode the file.
     char* p = audio_raw;
     for (;p < audio_raw + file_size;) {
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_audio_raw_publish.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_audio_raw_publish.c
index 624ec90fc..91026f9b7 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_audio_raw_publish.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_audio_raw_publish.c
@@ -134,8 +134,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     }
     srs_human_trace("publish stream success");
     
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
-    u_int32_t time_delta = 17;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t time_delta = 17;
     // @remark, to decode the file.
     char* p = audio_raw;
     for (;p < audio_raw + file_size;) {
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_bandwidth_check.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_bandwidth_check.c
index f7a6ea6e2..6bcac44b5 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_bandwidth_check.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_bandwidth_check.c
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     int size;
     char type;
     char* data;
-    u_int32_t timestamp;
+    uint32_t timestamp;
     
     // srs debug info.
     char srs_server_ip[128];
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_detect_rtmp.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_detect_rtmp.c
index 7e435f2a6..b94aa9b77 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_detect_rtmp.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_detect_rtmp.c
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     int size;
     char type;
     char* data;
-    u_int32_t timestamp;
-    u_int32_t basetime = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp;
+    uint32_t basetime = 0;
     
     // user options
     const char* rtmp_url = NULL;
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_injecter.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_injecter.c
index 8aa8a3195..420a37cd1 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_injecter.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_injecter.c
@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ int build_keyframes(srs_flv_t ic, srs_amf0_t *pname, srs_amf0_t* pdata, srs_amf0
     
     // packet data
     char type;
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
     char* data = NULL;
     int32_t size;
     int64_t offset = 0;
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ int do_inject_flv(srs_flv_t ic, srs_flv_t oc, srs_amf0_t amf0_name, srs_amf0_t a
     char header[13];
     // packet data
     char type;
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
     char* data = NULL;
     int32_t size;
     
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_parser.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_parser.c
index 25c298ff0..a8dc5e9b2 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_parser.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_flv_parser.c
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ int parse_flv(srs_flv_t flv)
     char header[13];
     // packet data
     char type;
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
     char* data = NULL;
     int32_t size;
     int64_t offset = 0;
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_h264_raw_publish.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_h264_raw_publish.c
index b109625c9..9732b4c45 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_h264_raw_publish.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_h264_raw_publish.c
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
         // 5bits, 7.3.1 NAL unit syntax,
         // ISO_IEC_14496-10-AVC-2003.pdf, page 44.
         //  7: SPS, 8: PPS, 5: I Frame, 1: P Frame, 9: AUD, 6: SEI
-        u_int8_t nut = (char)data[nb_start_code] & 0x1f;
+        uint8_t nut = (char)data[nb_start_code] & 0x1f;
         srs_human_trace("sent packet: type=%s, time=%d, size=%d, fps=%.2f, b[%d]=%#x(%s)",
             srs_human_flv_tag_type2string(SRS_RTMP_TYPE_VIDEO), dts, size, fps, nb_start_code, (char)data[nb_start_code],
             (nut == 7? "SPS":(nut == 8? "PPS":(nut == 5? "I":(nut == 1? "P":(nut == 9? "AUD":(nut == 6? "SEI":"Unknown")))))));
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_flv.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_flv.c
index a24c8edd0..8d463fbd0 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_flv.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_flv.c
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ int connect_oc(srs_rtmp_t ortmp);
 #define RE_PULSE_MS 300
 #define RE_PULSE_JITTER_MS 3000
 int64_t re_create();
-void re_update(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, u_int32_t time);
-void re_cleanup(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, u_int32_t time);
+void re_update(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, uint32_t time);
+void re_cleanup(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, uint32_t time);
 
 int64_t tools_main_entrance_startup_time;
 int main(int argc, char** argv)
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int do_proxy(srs_flv_t flv, srs_rtmp_t ortmp, int64_t re, int32_t* pstarttime, u_int32_t* ptimestamp)
+int do_proxy(srs_flv_t flv, srs_rtmp_t ortmp, int64_t re, int32_t* pstarttime, uint32_t* ptimestamp)
 {
     int ret = 0;
     
@@ -160,7 +160,7 @@ int do_proxy(srs_flv_t flv, srs_rtmp_t ortmp, int64_t re, int32_t* pstarttime, u
             return ret;
         }
         
-        u_int32_t timestamp = *ptimestamp;
+        uint32_t timestamp = *ptimestamp;
         
         if ((ret = srs_human_print_rtmp_packet(type, timestamp, data, size)) != 0) {
             srs_human_trace("print packet failed. ret=%d", ret);
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ int do_proxy(srs_flv_t flv, srs_rtmp_t ortmp, int64_t re, int32_t* pstarttime, u
 int proxy(srs_flv_t flv, srs_rtmp_t ortmp)
 {
     int ret = 0;
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
     int32_t starttime = -1;
     
     char header[13];
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ int64_t re_create()
     
     return re;
 }
-void re_update(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, u_int32_t time)
+void re_update(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, uint32_t time)
 {
     // send by pulse algorithm.
     int64_t now = srs_utils_time_ms();
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ void re_update(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, u_int32_t time)
         usleep((useconds_t)(diff * 1000));
     }
 }
-void re_cleanup(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, u_int32_t time)
+void re_cleanup(int64_t re, int32_t starttime, uint32_t time)
 {
     // for the last pulse, always sleep.
     // for the virtual live encoder long time publishing.
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_rtmp.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_rtmp.c
index 5e431bff8..3912d43fb 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_rtmp.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_ingest_rtmp.c
@@ -117,8 +117,8 @@ int proxy(srs_rtmp_t irtmp, srs_rtmp_t ortmp)
     int size;
     char type;
     char* data;
-    u_int32_t timestamp;
-    u_int64_t nb_msgs = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp;
+    uint64_t nb_msgs = 0;
 
     if ((ret = connect_ic(irtmp)) != 0) {
         return ret;
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_play.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_play.c
index a2cd722e8..c8133d7eb 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_play.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_play.c
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
         int size;
         char type;
         char* data;
-        u_int32_t timestamp;
+        uint32_t timestamp;
         
         if (srs_rtmp_read_packet(rtmp, &type, &timestamp, &data, &size) != 0) {
             goto rtmp_destroy;
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_publish.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_publish.c
index 00d5bee22..e85b001f0 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_publish.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_publish.c
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     }
     srs_human_trace("publish stream success");
     
-    u_int32_t timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t timestamp = 0;
     for (;;) {
         char type = SRS_RTMP_TYPE_VIDEO;
         int size = 4096;
diff --git a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_rtmp_dump.c b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_rtmp_dump.c
index dafb7618b..3a3de2980 100644
--- a/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_rtmp_dump.c
+++ b/trunk/research/librtmp/srs_rtmp_dump.c
@@ -275,14 +275,14 @@ int main(int argc, char** argv)
     }
     
     int64_t nb_packets = 0;
-    u_int32_t pre_timestamp = 0;
+    uint32_t pre_timestamp = 0;
     int64_t pre_now = -1;
     int64_t start_time = -1;
     for (;;) {
         int size;
         char type;
         char* data;
-        u_int32_t timestamp;
+        uint32_t timestamp;
         
         if (srs_rtmp_read_packet(rtmp, &type, &timestamp, &data, &size) != 0) {
             srs_human_trace("read rtmp packet failed.");
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
index f2ffe44e9..53f183364 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_caster_flv.cpp
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ int SrsDynamicHttpConn::do_proxy(ISrsHttpResponseReader* rr, SrsFlvDecoder* dec)
         
         char type;
         int32_t size;
-        u_int32_t time;
+        uint32_t time;
         if ((ret = dec->read_tag_header(&type, &size, &time)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             if (!srs_is_client_gracefully_close(ret)) {
                 srs_error("flv: proxy tag header failed. ret=%d", ret);
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
index 075768dbe..684218805 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.cpp
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ SrsConnection* SrsHttpMessage::connection()
     return conn;
 }
 
-u_int8_t SrsHttpMessage::method()
+uint8_t SrsHttpMessage::method()
 {
     if (jsonp && !jsonp_method.empty()) {
         if (jsonp_method == "GET") {
@@ -595,12 +595,12 @@ u_int8_t SrsHttpMessage::method()
         }
     }
     
-    return (u_int8_t)_header.method;
+    return (uint8_t)_header.method;
 }
 
-u_int16_t SrsHttpMessage::status_code()
+uint16_t SrsHttpMessage::status_code()
 {
-    return (u_int16_t)_header.status_code;
+    return (uint16_t)_header.status_code;
 }
 
 string SrsHttpMessage::method_str()
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.hpp
index 0cf887675..568173492 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_http_conn.hpp
@@ -215,8 +215,8 @@ public:
 public:
     virtual SrsConnection* connection();
 public:
-    virtual u_int8_t method();
-    virtual u_int16_t status_code();
+    virtual uint8_t method();
+    virtual uint16_t status_code();
     /**
      * method helpers.
      */
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
index 7c4c7b9ec..c887de738 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.cpp
@@ -349,8 +349,8 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     }
 
     // ts tbn to flv tbn.
-    u_int32_t dts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
-    u_int32_t pts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t dts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t pts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
     
     // send each frame.
     while (!avs->empty()) {
@@ -419,7 +419,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
+int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -447,7 +447,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     if ((ret = rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -460,7 +460,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts) 
+int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts) 
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv);
 }
 
@@ -508,7 +508,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     }
 
     // ts tbn to flv tbn.
-    u_int32_t dts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t dts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
     
     // send each frame.
     while (!avs->empty()) {
@@ -551,7 +551,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts)
+int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -564,7 +564,7 @@ int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawA
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagAudio, dts, data, size);
 }
 
-int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
+int SrsMpegtsOverUdp::rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.hpp
index d2de345b0..1179b6d47 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_mpegts_udp.hpp
@@ -113,12 +113,12 @@ public:
     virtual int on_ts_message(SrsTsMessage* msg);
 private:
     virtual int on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs);
-    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
-    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
     virtual int on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs);
-    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts);
+    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts);
 private:
-    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
+    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
 private:
     // Connect to RTMP server.
     virtual int connect();
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
index 710c95b11..6d3392ad0 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.cpp
@@ -437,8 +437,8 @@ int SrsRtspConn::on_rtp_video(SrsRtpPacket* pkt, int64_t dts, int64_t pts)
 
     char* bytes = pkt->payload->bytes();
     int length = pkt->payload->length();
-    u_int32_t fdts = (u_int32_t)(dts / 90);
-    u_int32_t fpts = (u_int32_t)(pts / 90);
+    uint32_t fdts = (uint32_t)(dts / 90);
+    uint32_t fpts = (uint32_t)(pts / 90);
     if ((ret = write_h264_ipb_frame(bytes, length, fdts, fpts)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -481,7 +481,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::kickoff_audio_cache(SrsRtpPacket* pkt, int64_t dts)
             int nb_frame = acache->audio_samples->sample_units[i].size;
             int64_t timestamp = (acache->dts + delta * i) / 90;
             acodec->aac_packet_type = 1;
-            if ((ret = write_audio_raw_frame(frame, nb_frame, acodec, (u_int32_t)timestamp)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+            if ((ret = write_audio_raw_frame(frame, nb_frame, acodec, (uint32_t)timestamp)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
                 return ret;
             }
         }
@@ -502,7 +502,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_sequence_header()
     int64_t dts = vjitter->timestamp() / 90;
 
     // send video sps/pps
-    if ((ret = write_h264_sps_pps((u_int32_t)dts, (u_int32_t)dts)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+    if ((ret = write_h264_sps_pps((uint32_t)dts, (uint32_t)dts)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
 
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_sequence_header()
                 break;
         };
 
-        if ((ret = write_audio_raw_frame((char*)sh.data(), (int)sh.length(), acodec, (u_int32_t)dts)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
+        if ((ret = write_audio_raw_frame((char*)sh.data(), (int)sh.length(), acodec, (uint32_t)dts)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
             return ret;
         }
     }
@@ -548,7 +548,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_sequence_header()
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
+int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -568,7 +568,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     if ((ret = rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -576,7 +576,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts) 
+int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts) 
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -604,11 +604,11 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv);
 }
 
-int SrsRtspConn::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts)
+int SrsRtspConn::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -621,7 +621,7 @@ int SrsRtspConn::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStr
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagAudio, dts, data, size);
 }
 
-int SrsRtspConn::rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
+int SrsRtspConn::rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.hpp
index 51fd156cb..3ca34ad57 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_rtsp.hpp
@@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ private:
     virtual int kickoff_audio_cache(SrsRtpPacket* pkt, int64_t dts);
 private:
     virtual int write_sequence_header();
-    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
-    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
-    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts);
-    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
+    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts);
+    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
 private:
     // Connect to RTMP server.
     virtual int connect();
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
index 4e27c054c..3da900fd6 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_source.hpp
@@ -399,8 +399,8 @@ public:
 class SrsMixQueue
 {
 private:
-    u_int32_t nb_videos;
-    u_int32_t nb_audios;
+    uint32_t nb_videos;
+    uint32_t nb_audios;
     std::multimap<int64_t, SrsSharedPtrMessage*> msgs;
 public:
     SrsMixQueue();
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.cpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.cpp
index 51dacc9f5..52c447d13 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.cpp
@@ -1025,7 +1025,7 @@ bool srs_net_device_is_internet(string ifname)
 
 bool srs_net_device_is_internet(in_addr_t addr)
 {
-    u_int32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
+    uint32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
     
     // lo, 127.0.0.0-127.0.0.1
     if (addr_h >= 0x7f000000 && addr_h <= 0x7f000001) {
@@ -1289,7 +1289,7 @@ string srs_get_public_internet_address()
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)ips.size(); i++) {
         std::string ip = ips[i];
         in_addr_t addr = inet_addr(ip.c_str());
-        u_int32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
+        uint32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
         // lo, 127.0.0.0-127.0.0.1
         if (addr_h >= 0x7f000000 && addr_h <= 0x7f000001) {
             srs_trace("ignore private address: %s", ip.c_str());
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ string srs_get_public_internet_address()
     for (int i = 0; i < (int)ips.size(); i++) {
         std::string ip = ips[i];
         in_addr_t addr = inet_addr(ip.c_str());
-        u_int32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
+        uint32_t addr_h = ntohl(addr);
         // lo, 127.0.0.0-127.0.0.1
         if (addr_h >= 0x7f000000 && addr_h <= 0x7f000001) {
             srs_trace("ignore private address: %s", ip.c_str());
diff --git a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.hpp b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.hpp
index 6903dd789..8ac48642e 100644
--- a/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/app/srs_app_utility.hpp
@@ -481,14 +481,14 @@ public:
 // data of /proc/meminfo
 public:
     // MemActive = MemTotal - MemFree
-    u_int64_t MemActive;
+    uint64_t MemActive;
     // RealInUse = MemActive - Buffers - Cached
-    u_int64_t RealInUse;
+    uint64_t RealInUse;
     // NotInUse = MemTotal - RealInUse
     //          = MemTotal - MemActive + Buffers + Cached
     //          = MemTotal - MemTotal + MemFree + Buffers + Cached
     //          = MemFree + Buffers + Cached
-    u_int64_t NotInUse;
+    uint64_t NotInUse;
     
     unsigned long MemTotal;
     unsigned long MemFree;
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.cpp
index 05838a1d6..3568b7a3f 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.cpp
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ SrsLbRoundRobin::~SrsLbRoundRobin()
 {
 }
 
-u_int32_t SrsLbRoundRobin::current()
+uint32_t SrsLbRoundRobin::current()
 {
     return index;
 }
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.hpp
index 1a311b335..abbecadf7 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_balance.hpp
@@ -42,14 +42,14 @@ private:
     // current selected index.
     int index;
     // total scheduled count.
-    u_int32_t count;
+    uint32_t count;
     // current selected server.
     std::string elem;
 public:
     SrsLbRoundRobin();
     virtual ~SrsLbRoundRobin();
 public:
-    virtual u_int32_t current();
+    virtual uint32_t current();
     virtual std::string selected();
     virtual std::string select(const std::vector<std::string>& servers);
 };
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_buffer.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_buffer.hpp
index c5c5dce1f..32cff9c13 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_buffer.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_buffer.hpp
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ class SrsBitBuffer
 {
 private:
     int8_t cb;
-    u_int8_t cb_left;
+    uint8_t cb_left;
     SrsBuffer* stream;
 public:
     SrsBitBuffer();
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.cpp
index 8a4f145dc..4b5a0ea38 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.cpp
@@ -600,8 +600,8 @@ int SrsAvcAacCodec::audio_aac_sequence_header_demux(char* data, int size)
         srs_error("audio codec decode aac sequence header failed. ret=%d", ret);
         return ret;
     }
-    u_int8_t profile_ObjectType = stream->read_1bytes();
-    u_int8_t samplingFrequencyIndex = stream->read_1bytes();
+    uint8_t profile_ObjectType = stream->read_1bytes();
+    uint8_t samplingFrequencyIndex = stream->read_1bytes();
         
     aac_channels = (samplingFrequencyIndex >> 3) & 0x0f;
     samplingFrequencyIndex = ((profile_ObjectType << 1) & 0x0e) | ((samplingFrequencyIndex >> 7) & 0x01);
@@ -976,7 +976,7 @@ int SrsAvcAacCodec::avc_demux_sps_rbsp(char* rbsp, int nb_rbsp)
         srs_error("sps shall atleast 3bytes. ret=%d", ret);
         return ret;
     }
-    u_int8_t profile_idc = stream.read_1bytes();
+    uint8_t profile_idc = stream.read_1bytes();
     if (!profile_idc) {
         ret = ERROR_HLS_DECODE_ERROR;
         srs_error("sps the profile_idc invalid. ret=%d", ret);
@@ -990,7 +990,7 @@ int SrsAvcAacCodec::avc_demux_sps_rbsp(char* rbsp, int nb_rbsp)
         return ret;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t level_idc = stream.read_1bytes();
+    uint8_t level_idc = stream.read_1bytes();
     if (!level_idc) {
         ret = ERROR_HLS_DECODE_ERROR;
         srs_error("sps the level_idc invalid. ret=%d", ret);
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.hpp
index a268e3ea3..739851a50 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_codec.hpp
@@ -571,9 +571,9 @@ public:
     SrsAvcLevel     avc_level; 
     // lengthSizeMinusOne, ISO_IEC_14496-15-AVC-format-2012.pdf, page 16
     int8_t          NAL_unit_length;
-    u_int16_t       sequenceParameterSetLength;
+    uint16_t       sequenceParameterSetLength;
     char*           sequenceParameterSetNALUnit;
-    u_int16_t       pictureParameterSetLength;
+    uint16_t       pictureParameterSetLength;
     char*           pictureParameterSetNALUnit;
 private:
     // the avc payload format.
@@ -589,11 +589,11 @@ public:
     /**
     * samplingFrequencyIndex
     */
-    u_int8_t        aac_sample_rate;
+    uint8_t        aac_sample_rate;
     /**
     * channelConfiguration
     */
-    u_int8_t        aac_channels;
+    uint8_t        aac_channels;
 public:
     /**
     * the avc extra data, the AVC sequence header,
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
index 662ee46d1..3d293a9d6 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.cpp
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_amf0_script(int size, int stream)
     perfer_cid = RTMP_CID_OverConnection2;
 }
 
-void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_audio(int size, u_int32_t time, int stream)
+void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_audio(int size, uint32_t time, int stream)
 {
     message_type = RTMP_MSG_AudioMessage;
     payload_length = (int32_t)size;
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_audio(int size, u_int32_t time, int stream)
     perfer_cid = RTMP_CID_Audio;
 }
 
-void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_video(int size, u_int32_t time, int stream)
+void SrsMessageHeader::initialize_video(int size, uint32_t time, int stream)
 {
     message_type = RTMP_MSG_VideoMessage;
     payload_length = (int32_t)size;
@@ -755,7 +755,7 @@ int SrsFlvDecoder::read_header(char header[9])
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsFlvDecoder::read_tag_header(char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, u_int32_t* ptime)
+int SrsFlvDecoder::read_tag_header(char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, uint32_t* ptime)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
index 6f2f23a17..507f59d26 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_flv.hpp
@@ -248,11 +248,11 @@ public:
     /**
      * create a audio header, set the size, timestamp and stream_id.
      */
-    void initialize_audio(int size, u_int32_t time, int stream);
+    void initialize_audio(int size, uint32_t time, int stream);
     /**
      * create a video header, set the size, timestamp and stream_id.
      */
-    void initialize_video(int size, u_int32_t time, int stream);
+    void initialize_video(int size, uint32_t time, int stream);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -543,7 +543,7 @@ public:
     * read the tag header infos.
     * @remark assert ptype/pdata_size/ptime not NULL.
     */
-    virtual int read_tag_header(char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, u_int32_t* ptime);
+    virtual int read_tag_header(char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, uint32_t* ptime);
     /**
     * read the tag data.
     * @remark assert data not NULL.
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.cpp
index 2b761da8f..d5dd3377a 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.cpp
@@ -818,7 +818,7 @@ SrsTsPacket* SrsTsPacket::create_pmt(SrsTsContext* context, int16_t pmt_number,
 }
 
 SrsTsPacket* SrsTsPacket::create_pes_first(SrsTsContext* context, 
-    int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, u_int8_t continuity_counter, bool discontinuity, 
+    int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, uint8_t continuity_counter, bool discontinuity, 
     int64_t pcr, int64_t dts, int64_t pts, int size
 ) {
     SrsTsPacket* pkt = new SrsTsPacket(context);
@@ -853,7 +853,7 @@ SrsTsPacket* SrsTsPacket::create_pes_first(SrsTsContext* context,
     }
 
     pes->packet_start_code_prefix = 0x01;
-    pes->stream_id = (u_int8_t)sid;
+    pes->stream_id = (uint8_t)sid;
     pes->PES_packet_length = (size > 0xFFFF)? 0:size;
     pes->PES_scrambling_control = 0;
     pes->PES_priority = 0;
@@ -874,7 +874,7 @@ SrsTsPacket* SrsTsPacket::create_pes_first(SrsTsContext* context,
 }
 
 SrsTsPacket* SrsTsPacket::create_pes_continue(SrsTsContext* context, 
-    int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, u_int8_t continuity_counter
+    int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, uint8_t continuity_counter
 ) {
     SrsTsPacket* pkt = new SrsTsPacket(context);
     pkt->sync_byte = 0x47;
@@ -1052,7 +1052,7 @@ int SrsTsAdaptationField::decode(SrsBuffer* stream)
             srs_error("ts: demux af transport_private_data_flag failed. ret=%d", ret);
             return ret;
         }
-        transport_private_data_length = (u_int8_t)stream->read_1bytes();
+        transport_private_data_length = (uint8_t)stream->read_1bytes();
 
         if (transport_private_data_length> 0) {
             if (!stream->require(transport_private_data_length)) {
@@ -1074,7 +1074,7 @@ int SrsTsAdaptationField::decode(SrsBuffer* stream)
             srs_error("ts: demux af adaptation_field_extension_flag failed. ret=%d", ret);
             return ret;
         }
-        adaptation_field_extension_length = (u_int8_t)stream->read_1bytes();
+        adaptation_field_extension_length = (uint8_t)stream->read_1bytes();
         int8_t ltwfv = stream->read_1bytes();
         
         piecewise_rate_flag = (ltwfv >> 6) & 0x01;
@@ -1705,7 +1705,7 @@ int SrsTsPayloadPES::decode(SrsBuffer* stream, SrsTsMessage** ppmsg)
             // first PES_packet_data_byte.
             /**
             * when actual packet length > 0xffff(65535),
-            * which exceed the max u_int16_t packet length,
+            * which exceed the max uint16_t packet length,
             * use 0 packet length, the next unit start indicates the end of packet.
             */
             if (PES_packet_length > 0) {
@@ -2043,7 +2043,7 @@ int SrsTsPayloadPES::decode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, int64_t* pv)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsTsPayloadPES::encode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, u_int8_t fb, int64_t v)
+int SrsTsPayloadPES::encode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, uint8_t fb, int64_t v)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -2167,7 +2167,7 @@ int SrsTsPayloadPSI::decode(SrsBuffer* stream, SrsTsMessage** /*ppmsg*/)
         // all stuffing must be 0xff.
         // TODO: FIXME: maybe need to remove the following.
         for (int i = 0; i < nb_stuffings; i++) {
-            if ((u_int8_t)stuffing[i] != 0xff) {
+            if ((uint8_t)stuffing[i] != 0xff) {
                 srs_warn("ts: stuff is not 0xff, actual=%#x", stuffing[i]);
                 break;
             }
@@ -2892,7 +2892,7 @@ int SrsTsCache::do_cache_aac(SrsAvcAacCodec* codec, SrsCodecSample* sample)
         // 6.2 Audio Data Transport Stream, ADTS
         // in aac-iso-13818-7.pdf, page 26.
         // fixed 7bytes header
-        u_int8_t adts_header[7] = {0xff, 0xf9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc};
+        uint8_t adts_header[7] = {0xff, 0xf9, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x0f, 0xfc};
         /*
         // adts_fixed_header
         // 2B, 16bits
@@ -2984,8 +2984,8 @@ void srs_avc_insert_aud(SrsSimpleStream* payload, bool& aud_inserted)
      *      annexb 3B header, 406B nalu(nal_unit_type:1)(non-IDR,P/B)
      * @remark we use the sequence of apple samples http://ossrs.net/apple-sample/bipbopall.m3u8
      */
-    static u_int8_t fresh_nalu_header[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
-    static u_int8_t cont_nalu_header[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
+    static uint8_t fresh_nalu_header[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
+    static uint8_t cont_nalu_header[] = { 0x00, 0x00, 0x01 };
     
     if (!aud_inserted) {
         aud_inserted = true;
@@ -3034,7 +3034,7 @@ int SrsTsCache::do_cache_avc(SrsAvcAacCodec* codec, SrsCodecSample* sample)
         //      8, SP (SP slice)
         //      9, SI (SI slice)
         // ISO_IEC_14496-10-AVC-2012.pdf, page 105.
-        static u_int8_t default_aud_nalu[] = { 0x09, 0xf0};
+        static uint8_t default_aud_nalu[] = { 0x09, 0xf0};
         srs_avc_insert_aud(video->payload, aud_inserted);
         video->payload->append((const char*)default_aud_nalu, 2);
     }
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.hpp
index 4a4258e3d..3276c5031 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_ts.hpp
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ struct SrsTsChannel
     SrsTsMessage* msg;
     SrsTsContext* context;
     // for encoder.
-    u_int8_t continuity_counter;
+    uint8_t continuity_counter;
 
     SrsTsChannel();
     virtual ~SrsTsChannel();
@@ -274,9 +274,9 @@ public:
     // @remark use is_audio() and is_video() to check it, and stream_number() to finger it out.
     SrsTsPESStreamId sid;
     // the size of payload, 0 indicates the length() of payload.
-    u_int16_t PES_packet_length;
+    uint16_t PES_packet_length;
     // the chunk id.
-    u_int8_t continuity_counter;
+    uint8_t continuity_counter;
     // the payload bytes.
     SrsSimpleStream* payload;
 public:
@@ -505,7 +505,7 @@ public:
     * The continuity counter may be discontinuous when the discontinuity_indicator is set to '1' (refer to 2.4.3.4). In the case of
     * a null packet the value of the continuity_counter is undefined.
     */
-    u_int8_t continuity_counter; //4bits
+    uint8_t continuity_counter; //4bits
 private:
     SrsTsAdaptationField* adaptation_field;
     SrsTsPayload* payload;
@@ -529,11 +529,11 @@ public:
         int16_t apid, SrsTsStream as
     );
     static SrsTsPacket* create_pes_first(SrsTsContext* context, 
-        int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, u_int8_t continuity_counter, bool discontinuity, 
+        int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, uint8_t continuity_counter, bool discontinuity, 
         int64_t pcr, int64_t dts, int64_t pts, int size
     );
     static SrsTsPacket* create_pes_continue(SrsTsContext* context, 
-        int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, u_int8_t continuity_counter
+        int16_t pid, SrsTsPESStreamId sid, uint8_t continuity_counter
     );
 };
 
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ public:
     * This is the only method of stuffing allowed for Transport Stream packets carrying PES packets. For Transport Stream
     * packets carrying PSI, an alternative stuffing method is described in 2.4.4.
     */
-    u_int8_t adaption_field_length; //8bits
+    uint8_t adaption_field_length; //8bits
     // 1B
     /**
     * This is a 1-bit field which when set to '1' indicates that the discontinuity state is true for the
@@ -742,7 +742,7 @@ public:
     * private_data bytes immediately following the transport private_data_length field. The number of private_data bytes shall
     * not be such that private data extends beyond the adaptation field.
     */
-    u_int8_t transport_private_data_length; //8bits
+    uint8_t transport_private_data_length; //8bits
     char* transport_private_data; //[transport_private_data_length]bytes
     
     // if adaptation_field_extension_flag, 2+x B
@@ -750,7 +750,7 @@ public:
     * The adaptation_field_extension_length is an 8-bit field. It indicates the number of
     * bytes of the extended adaptation field data immediately following this field, including reserved bytes if present.
     */
-    u_int8_t adaptation_field_extension_length; //8bits
+    uint8_t adaptation_field_extension_length; //8bits
     /**
     * This is a 1-bit field which when set to '1' indicates the presence of the ltw_offset
     * field.
@@ -920,14 +920,14 @@ public:
     * Program Specific Information as specified in 2.4.4.
     */
     // @see SrsTsPESStreamId, value can be SrsTsPESStreamIdAudioCommon or SrsTsPESStreamIdVideoCommon.
-    u_int8_t stream_id; //8bits
+    uint8_t stream_id; //8bits
     // 2B
     /**
     * A 16-bit field specifying the number of bytes in the PES packet following the last byte of the
     * field. A value of 0 indicates that the PES packet length is neither specified nor bounded and is allowed only in
     * PES packets whose payload consists of bytes from a video elementary stream contained in Transport Stream packets.
     */
-    u_int16_t PES_packet_length; //16bits
+    uint16_t PES_packet_length; //16bits
 
     // 1B
     /**
@@ -1013,7 +1013,7 @@ public:
     * stuffing bytes contained in this PES packet header. The presence of optional fields is indicated in the byte that precedes
     * the PES_header_data_length field.
     */
-    u_int8_t PES_header_data_length; //8bits
+    uint8_t PES_header_data_length; //8bits
 
     // 5B
     /**
@@ -1157,7 +1157,7 @@ public:
     /**
     * This is an 8-bit field which indicates the length, in bytes, of the pack_header_field().
     */
-    u_int8_t pack_field_length; //8bits
+    uint8_t pack_field_length; //8bits
     char* pack_field; //[pack_field_length] bytes
 
     // 2B
@@ -1208,7 +1208,7 @@ public:
     * This is a 7-bit field which specifies the length, in bytes, of the data following this field in
     * the PES extension field up to and including any reserved bytes.
     */
-    u_int8_t PES_extension_field_length; //7bits
+    uint8_t PES_extension_field_length; //7bits
     char* PES_extension_field; //[PES_extension_field_length] bytes
 
     // NB
@@ -1249,7 +1249,7 @@ public:
     virtual int encode(SrsBuffer* stream);
 private:
     virtual int decode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, int64_t* pv);
-    virtual int encode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, u_int8_t fb, int64_t v);
+    virtual int encode_33bits_dts_pts(SrsBuffer* stream, uint8_t fb, int64_t v);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -1295,7 +1295,7 @@ public:
     * of bytes of the section, starting immediately following the section_length field, and including the CRC. The value in this
     * field shall not exceed 1021 (0x3FD).
     */
-    u_int16_t section_length; //12bits
+    uint16_t section_length; //12bits
 public:
     // the specified psi info, for example, PAT fields.
 public:
@@ -1371,7 +1371,7 @@ public:
     * This is a 16-bit field which serves as a label to identify this Transport Stream from any other
     * multiplex within a network. Its value is defined by the user.
     */
-    u_int16_t transport_stream_id; //16bits
+    uint16_t transport_stream_id; //16bits
     
     // 1B
     /**
@@ -1399,14 +1399,14 @@ public:
     * Program Association Table shall be 0x00. It shall be incremented by 1 with each additional section in the Program
     * Association Table.
     */
-    u_int8_t section_number; //8bits
+    uint8_t section_number; //8bits
     
     // 1B
     /**
     * This 8-bit field specifies the number of the last section (that is, the section with the highest
     * section_number) of the complete Program Association Table.
     */
-    u_int8_t last_section_number; //8bits
+    uint8_t last_section_number; //8bits
     
     // multiple 4B program data.
     std::vector<SrsTsPayloadPATProgram*> programs;
@@ -1488,7 +1488,7 @@ public:
     * can be concatenated together to form a continuous set of streams using a program_number. For examples of applications
     * refer to Annex C.
     */
-    u_int16_t program_number; //16bits
+    uint16_t program_number; //16bits
     
     // 1B
     /**
@@ -1514,13 +1514,13 @@ public:
     /**
     * The value of this 8-bit field shall be 0x00.
     */
-    u_int8_t section_number; //8bits
+    uint8_t section_number; //8bits
     
     // 1B
     /**
     * The value of this 8-bit field shall be 0x00.
     */
-    u_int8_t last_section_number; //8bits
+    uint8_t last_section_number; //8bits
     
     // 2B
     /**
@@ -1541,7 +1541,7 @@ public:
     * This is a 12-bit field, the first two bits of which shall be '00'. The remaining 10 bits specify the
     * number of bytes of the descriptors immediately following the program_info_length field.
     */
-    u_int16_t program_info_length; //12bits
+    uint16_t program_info_length; //12bits
     char* program_info_desc; //[program_info_length]bytes
     
     // array of TSPMTESInfo.
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.cpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.cpp
index 36dc9ef50..9c554f6ed 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.cpp
@@ -598,7 +598,7 @@ bool srs_aac_startswith_adts(SrsBuffer* stream)
 }
 
 // @see http://www.stmc.edu.hk/~vincent/ffmpeg_0.4.9-pre1/libavformat/mpegtsenc.c
-unsigned int __mpegts_crc32(const u_int8_t *data, int len)
+unsigned int __mpegts_crc32(const uint8_t *data, int len)
 {
     /*
      * MPEG2 transport stream (aka DVB) mux
@@ -618,7 +618,7 @@ unsigned int __mpegts_crc32(const u_int8_t *data, int len)
      * License along with this library; if not, write to the Free Software
      * Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307  USA
      */
-    static const u_int32_t table[256] = {
+    static const uint32_t table[256] = {
         0x00000000, 0x04c11db7, 0x09823b6e, 0x0d4326d9, 0x130476dc, 0x17c56b6b,
         0x1a864db2, 0x1e475005, 0x2608edb8, 0x22c9f00f, 0x2f8ad6d6, 0x2b4bcb61,
         0x350c9b64, 0x31cd86d3, 0x3c8ea00a, 0x384fbdbd, 0x4c11db70, 0x48d0c6c7,
@@ -664,7 +664,7 @@ unsigned int __mpegts_crc32(const u_int8_t *data, int len)
         0xbcb4666d, 0xb8757bda, 0xb5365d03, 0xb1f740b4
     };
     
-    u_int32_t crc = 0xffffffff;
+    uint32_t crc = 0xffffffff;
     
     for (int i=0; i<len; i++) {
         crc = (crc << 8) ^ table[((crc >> 24) ^ *data++) & 0xff];
@@ -674,7 +674,7 @@ unsigned int __mpegts_crc32(const u_int8_t *data, int len)
 }
 
 // @see https://github.com/ETrun/crc32/blob/master/crc32.c
-u_int32_t __crc32_ieee(u_int32_t init, const u_int8_t* buf, size_t nb_buf)
+uint32_t __crc32_ieee(uint32_t init, const uint8_t* buf, size_t nb_buf)
 {
     /*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*\
      *  CRC-32 version 2.0.0 by Craig Bruce, 2006-04-29.
@@ -697,7 +697,7 @@ u_int32_t __crc32_ieee(u_int32_t init, const u_int8_t* buf, size_t nb_buf)
      *  v2.0.0: rewrote to use memory buffer & static table, 2006-04-29.
      *  v2.1.0: modified by Nico, 2013-04-20
      \*----------------------------------------------------------------------------*/
-    static const u_int32_t table[256] = {
+    static const uint32_t table[256] = {
         0x00000000,0x77073096,0xEE0E612C,0x990951BA,0x076DC419,0x706AF48F,0xE963A535,
         0x9E6495A3,0x0EDB8832,0x79DCB8A4,0xE0D5E91E,0x97D2D988,0x09B64C2B,0x7EB17CBD,
         0xE7B82D07,0x90BF1D91,0x1DB71064,0x6AB020F2,0xF3B97148,0x84BE41DE,0x1ADAD47D,
@@ -737,7 +737,7 @@ u_int32_t __crc32_ieee(u_int32_t init, const u_int8_t* buf, size_t nb_buf)
         0xB40BBE37,0xC30C8EA1,0x5A05DF1B,0x2D02EF8D
     };
     
-    u_int32_t crc = init ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
+    uint32_t crc = init ^ 0xFFFFFFFF;
     
     for (size_t i = 0; i < nb_buf; i++) {
         crc = table[(crc ^ buf[i]) & 0xff] ^ (crc >> 8);
@@ -746,14 +746,14 @@ u_int32_t __crc32_ieee(u_int32_t init, const u_int8_t* buf, size_t nb_buf)
     return crc^0xFFFFFFFF;
 }
 
-u_int32_t srs_crc32_mpegts(const void* buf, int size)
+uint32_t srs_crc32_mpegts(const void* buf, int size)
 {
-    return __mpegts_crc32((const u_int8_t*)buf, size);
+    return __mpegts_crc32((const uint8_t*)buf, size);
 }
     
-u_int32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, u_int32_t previous)
+uint32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, uint32_t previous)
 {
-    return __crc32_ieee(previous, (const u_int8_t*)buf, size);
+    return __crc32_ieee(previous, (const uint8_t*)buf, size);
 }
 
 /*
@@ -782,19 +782,19 @@ u_int32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, u_int32_t previous)
 
 #ifndef AV_RB32
 #   define AV_RB32(x)                                \
-    (((uint32_t)((const u_int8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) |    \
-               (((const u_int8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) |    \
-               (((const u_int8_t*)(x))[2] <<  8) |    \
-                ((const u_int8_t*)(x))[3])
+    (((uint32_t)((const uint8_t*)(x))[0] << 24) |    \
+               (((const uint8_t*)(x))[1] << 16) |    \
+               (((const uint8_t*)(x))[2] <<  8) |    \
+                ((const uint8_t*)(x))[3])
 #endif
 
 #ifndef AV_WL32
 #   define AV_WL32(p, darg) do {                \
         unsigned d = (darg);                    \
-        ((u_int8_t*)(p))[0] = (d);               \
-        ((u_int8_t*)(p))[1] = (d)>>8;            \
-        ((u_int8_t*)(p))[2] = (d)>>16;           \
-        ((u_int8_t*)(p))[3] = (d)>>24;           \
+        ((uint8_t*)(p))[0] = (d);               \
+        ((uint8_t*)(p))[1] = (d)>>8;            \
+        ((uint8_t*)(p))[2] = (d)>>16;           \
+        ((uint8_t*)(p))[3] = (d)>>24;           \
     } while(0)
 #endif
 
@@ -814,7 +814,7 @@ u_int32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, u_int32_t previous)
 #define AV_BSWAP32C(x) (AV_BSWAP16C(x) << 16 | AV_BSWAP16C((x) >> 16))
 
 #ifndef av_bswap32
-static const u_int32_t av_bswap32(u_int32_t x)
+static const uint32_t av_bswap32(uint32_t x)
 {
     return AV_BSWAP32C(x);
 }
@@ -829,7 +829,7 @@ static const u_int32_t av_bswap32(u_int32_t x)
  */
 
 /* ---------------- private code */
-static const u_int8_t map2[256] =
+static const uint8_t map2[256] =
 {
     0xfe, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
     0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff, 0xff,
@@ -875,12 +875,12 @@ static const u_int8_t map2[256] =
     v = i ? (v << 6) + bits : bits; \
 } while(0)
 
-int srs_av_base64_decode(u_int8_t* out, const char* in_str, int out_size)
+int srs_av_base64_decode(uint8_t* out, const char* in_str, int out_size)
 {
-    u_int8_t *dst = out;
-    u_int8_t *end = out + out_size;
+    uint8_t *dst = out;
+    uint8_t *end = out + out_size;
     // no sign extension
-    const u_int8_t *in = (const u_int8_t*)in_str;
+    const uint8_t *in = (const uint8_t*)in_str;
     unsigned bits = 0xff;
     unsigned v;
 
@@ -934,7 +934,7 @@ out0:
 * Fixed edge cases and made it work from data (vs. strings) by Ryan.
 *****************************************************************************/
 
-char* srs_av_base64_encode(char* out, int out_size, const u_int8_t* in, int in_size)
+char* srs_av_base64_encode(char* out, int out_size, const uint8_t* in, int in_size)
 {
     static const char b64[] =
         "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789+/";
@@ -982,7 +982,7 @@ int av_toupper(int c)
     return c;
 }
 
-int ff_hex_to_data(u_int8_t* data, const char* p)
+int ff_hex_to_data(uint8_t* data, const char* p)
 {
     int c, len, v;
 
@@ -1011,7 +1011,7 @@ int ff_hex_to_data(u_int8_t* data, const char* p)
 }
 
 int srs_chunk_header_c0(
-    int perfer_cid, u_int32_t timestamp, int32_t payload_length,
+    int perfer_cid, uint32_t timestamp, int32_t payload_length,
     int8_t message_type, int32_t stream_id,
     char* cache, int nb_cache
 ) {
@@ -1089,7 +1089,7 @@ int srs_chunk_header_c0(
 }
 
 int srs_chunk_header_c3(
-    int perfer_cid, u_int32_t timestamp,
+    int perfer_cid, uint32_t timestamp,
     char* cache, int nb_cache
 ) {
     // to directly set the field.
diff --git a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.hpp b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.hpp
index fdffcbb8e..17ba9d01f 100644
--- a/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/kernel/srs_kernel_utility.hpp
@@ -129,12 +129,12 @@ extern bool srs_aac_startswith_adts(SrsBuffer* stream);
 /**
 * cacl the crc32 of bytes in buf, for ffmpeg.
  */
-extern u_int32_t srs_crc32_mpegts(const void* buf, int size);
+extern uint32_t srs_crc32_mpegts(const void* buf, int size);
 
 /**
  * calc the crc32 of bytes in buf by IEEE, for zip.
  */
-extern u_int32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, u_int32_t previous = 0);
+extern uint32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, uint32_t previous = 0);
 
 /**
 * Decode a base64-encoded string.
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ extern u_int32_t srs_crc32_ieee(const void* buf, int size, u_int32_t previous =
 * @return         number of bytes written, or a negative value in case of
 *                 invalid input
 */
-extern int srs_av_base64_decode(u_int8_t* out, const char* in, int out_size);
+extern int srs_av_base64_decode(uint8_t* out, const char* in, int out_size);
 
 /**
 * Encode data to base64 and null-terminate.
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ extern int srs_av_base64_decode(u_int8_t* out, const char* in, int out_size);
 * @param in_size  size in bytes of the in buffer
 * @return         out or NULL in case of error
 */
-extern char* srs_av_base64_encode(char* out, int out_size, const u_int8_t* in, int in_size);
+extern char* srs_av_base64_encode(char* out, int out_size, const uint8_t* in, int in_size);
 
 /**
  * Calculate the output size needed to base64-encode x bytes to a
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ extern char* srs_av_base64_encode(char* out, int out_size, const u_int8_t* in, i
 * for example, p=config='139056E5A0'
 * output hex to data={0x13, 0x90, 0x56, 0xe5, 0xa0}
 */
-extern int ff_hex_to_data(u_int8_t* data, const char* p);
+extern int ff_hex_to_data(uint8_t* data, const char* p);
 
 /**
  * generate the c0 chunk header for msg.
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ extern int ff_hex_to_data(u_int8_t* data, const char* p);
  * @return the size of header. 0 if cache not enough.
  */
 extern int srs_chunk_header_c0(
-    int perfer_cid, u_int32_t timestamp, int32_t payload_length,
+    int perfer_cid, uint32_t timestamp, int32_t payload_length,
     int8_t message_type, int32_t stream_id,
     char* cache, int nb_cache
     );
@@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ extern int srs_chunk_header_c0(
  * @return the size of header. 0 if cache not enough.
  */
 extern int srs_chunk_header_c3(
-    int perfer_cid, u_int32_t timestamp,
+    int perfer_cid, uint32_t timestamp,
     char* cache, int nb_cache
     );
 
diff --git a/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.cpp b/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.cpp
index d45a3042b..3d1a03aeb 100644
--- a/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.cpp
@@ -1000,7 +1000,7 @@ int srs_rtmp_on_aggregate(Context* context, SrsCommonMessage* msg)
 }
 
 int srs_rtmp_go_packet(Context* context, SrsCommonMessage* msg, 
-    char* type, u_int32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size,
+    char* type, uint32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size,
     bool* got_msg
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
@@ -1010,14 +1010,14 @@ int srs_rtmp_go_packet(Context* context, SrsCommonMessage* msg,
     
     if (msg->header.is_audio()) {
         *type = SRS_RTMP_TYPE_AUDIO;
-        *timestamp = (u_int32_t)msg->header.timestamp;
+        *timestamp = (uint32_t)msg->header.timestamp;
         *data = (char*)msg->payload;
         *size = (int)msg->size;
         // detach bytes from packet.
         msg->payload = NULL;
     } else if (msg->header.is_video()) {
         *type = SRS_RTMP_TYPE_VIDEO;
-        *timestamp = (u_int32_t)msg->header.timestamp;
+        *timestamp = (uint32_t)msg->header.timestamp;
         *data = (char*)msg->payload;
         *size = (int)msg->size;
         // detach bytes from packet.
@@ -1044,7 +1044,7 @@ int srs_rtmp_go_packet(Context* context, SrsCommonMessage* msg,
     return ret;
 }
 
-int srs_rtmp_read_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, char* type, u_int32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size)
+int srs_rtmp_read_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, char* type, uint32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size)
 {
     *type = 0;
     *timestamp = 0;
@@ -1093,7 +1093,7 @@ int srs_rtmp_read_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, char* type, u_int32_t* timestamp, char
     return ret;
 }
 
-int srs_rtmp_write_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
+int srs_rtmp_write_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1154,7 +1154,7 @@ srs_bool srs_rtmp_is_onMetaData(char type, char* data, int size)
 * directly write a audio frame.
 */
 int srs_write_audio_raw_frame(Context* context,
-    char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t timestamp
+    char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t timestamp
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -1171,7 +1171,7 @@ int srs_write_audio_raw_frame(Context* context,
 * write aac frame in adts.
 */
 int srs_write_aac_adts_frame(Context* context, 
-    SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t timestamp
+    SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t timestamp
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@ int srs_write_aac_adts_frame(Context* context,
 */
 int srs_write_aac_adts_frames(Context* context,
     char sound_format, char sound_rate, char sound_size, char sound_type,
-    char* frames, int frames_size, u_int32_t timestamp
+    char* frames, int frames_size, uint32_t timestamp
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ int srs_write_aac_adts_frames(Context* context,
 */
 int srs_audio_write_raw_frame(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
     char sound_format, char sound_rate, char sound_size, char sound_type,
-    char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t timestamp
+    char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t timestamp
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1315,7 +1315,7 @@ int srs_aac_adts_frame_size(char* aac_raw_data, int ac_raw_size)
 * write h264 IPB-frame.
 */
 int srs_write_h264_ipb_frame(Context* context, 
-    char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts
+    char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1357,14 +1357,14 @@ int srs_write_h264_ipb_frame(Context* context,
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     return srs_rtmp_write_packet(context, SRS_RTMP_TYPE_VIDEO, timestamp, flv, nb_flv);
 }
 
 /**
 * write the h264 sps/pps in context over RTMP.
 */
-int srs_write_h264_sps_pps(Context* context, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
+int srs_write_h264_sps_pps(Context* context, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1394,7 +1394,7 @@ int srs_write_h264_sps_pps(Context* context, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     context->h264_sps_pps_sent = true;
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     return srs_rtmp_write_packet(context, SRS_RTMP_TYPE_VIDEO, timestamp, flv, nb_flv);
 }
 
@@ -1402,7 +1402,7 @@ int srs_write_h264_sps_pps(Context* context, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
 * write h264 raw frame, maybe sps/pps/IPB-frame.
 */
 int srs_write_h264_raw_frame(Context* context, 
-    char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts
+    char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1468,7 +1468,7 @@ int srs_write_h264_raw_frame(Context* context,
 * write h264 multiple frames, in annexb format.
 */
 int srs_h264_write_raw_frames(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
-    char* frames, int frames_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts
+    char* frames, int frames_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1644,7 +1644,7 @@ int srs_flv_read_header(srs_flv_t flv, char header[9])
     return ret;
 }
 
-int srs_flv_read_tag_header(srs_flv_t flv, char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, u_int32_t* ptime)
+int srs_flv_read_tag_header(srs_flv_t flv, char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, uint32_t* ptime)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -2075,8 +2075,8 @@ int64_t srs_utils_recv_bytes(srs_rtmp_t rtmp)
 }
 
 int srs_utils_parse_timestamp(
-    u_int32_t time, char type, char* data, int size,
-    u_int32_t* ppts
+    uint32_t time, char type, char* data, int size,
+    uint32_t* ppts
 ) {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -2103,7 +2103,7 @@ int srs_utils_parse_timestamp(
         return ERROR_FLV_INVALID_VIDEO_TAG;
     }
     
-    u_int32_t cts = 0;
+    uint32_t cts = 0;
     char* p = data + 2;
     char* pp = (char*)&cts;
     pp[2] = *p++;
@@ -2157,7 +2157,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_video_avc_packet_type(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t avc_packet_type = data[1];
+    uint8_t avc_packet_type = data[1];
     
     if (avc_packet_type > 2) {
         return -1;
@@ -2176,7 +2176,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_video_frame_type(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t frame_type = data[0];
+    uint8_t frame_type = data[0];
     frame_type = (frame_type >> 4) & 0x0f;
     if (frame_type < 1 || frame_type > 5) {
         return -1;
@@ -2191,7 +2191,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_audio_sound_format(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t sound_format = data[0];
+    uint8_t sound_format = data[0];
     sound_format = (sound_format >> 4) & 0x0f;
     if (sound_format > 15 || sound_format == 12 || sound_format == 13) {
         return -1;
@@ -2206,7 +2206,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_audio_sound_rate(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t sound_rate = data[0];
+    uint8_t sound_rate = data[0];
     sound_rate = (sound_rate >> 2) & 0x03;
     if (sound_rate > 3) {
         return -1;
@@ -2221,7 +2221,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_audio_sound_size(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t sound_size = data[0];
+    uint8_t sound_size = data[0];
     sound_size = (sound_size >> 1) & 0x01;
     if (sound_size > 1) {
         return -1;
@@ -2236,7 +2236,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_audio_sound_type(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t sound_type = data[0];
+    uint8_t sound_type = data[0];
     sound_type = sound_type & 0x01;
     if (sound_type > 1) {
         return -1;
@@ -2255,7 +2255,7 @@ char srs_utils_flv_audio_aac_packet_type(char* data, int size)
         return -1;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t aac_packet_type = data[1];
+    uint8_t aac_packet_type = data[1];
     if (aac_packet_type > 1) {
         return -1;
     }
@@ -2455,22 +2455,22 @@ const char* srs_human_flv_audio_aac_packet_type2string(char aac_packet_type)
     return unknown;
 }
     
-int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
+int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
 {
     return srs_human_print_rtmp_packet2(type, timestamp, data, size, 0);
 }
 
-int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet2(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp)
+int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet2(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp)
 {
     return srs_human_print_rtmp_packet3(type, timestamp, data, size, pre_timestamp, 0);
 }
     
-int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet3(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now)
+int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet3(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now)
 {
     return srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(type, timestamp, data, size, pre_timestamp, pre_now, 0, 0);
 }
     
-int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now, int64_t starttime, int64_t nb_packets)
+int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now, int64_t starttime, int64_t nb_packets)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -2496,7 +2496,7 @@ int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int
         ndiff = (int)(srs_utils_time_ms() - pre_now);
     }
     
-    u_int32_t pts;
+    uint32_t pts;
     if (srs_utils_parse_timestamp(timestamp, type, data, size, &pts) != 0) {
         srs_human_trace("Rtmp packet id=%"PRId64"/%.1f/%.1f, type=%s, dts=%d, ndiff=%d, diff=%d, size=%d, DecodeError",
             nb_packets, pi, gfps, srs_human_flv_tag_type2string(type), timestamp, ndiff, diff, size
diff --git a/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.hpp b/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.hpp
index 6a7262d9f..543d95342 100644
--- a/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/libs/srs_librtmp.hpp
@@ -47,13 +47,16 @@ CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
     #include <windows.h>
     // the type used by this header for windows.
     typedef unsigned long long u_int64_t;
+    typedef u_int64_t uint64_t;
     typedef long long int64_t;
     typedef unsigned int u_int32_t;
     typedef u_int32_t uint32_t;
     typedef int int32_t;
     typedef unsigned char u_int8_t;
+    typedef u_int8_t uint8_t;
     typedef char int8_t;
     typedef unsigned short u_int16_t;
+    typedef u_int16_t uint16_t;
     typedef short int16_t;
     typedef int64_t ssize_t;
     struct iovec {
@@ -297,10 +300,10 @@ extern int srs_rtmp_bandwidth_check(srs_rtmp_t rtmp,
 * @return 0, success; otherswise, failed.
 */
 extern int srs_rtmp_read_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
-    char* type, u_int32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size
+    char* type, uint32_t* timestamp, char** data, int* size
 );
 extern int srs_rtmp_write_packet(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
-    char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size
+    char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size
 );
     
 /**
@@ -371,7 +374,7 @@ extern srs_bool srs_rtmp_is_onMetaData(char type, char* data, int size);
 */
 extern int srs_audio_write_raw_frame(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
     char sound_format, char sound_rate, char sound_size, char sound_type,
-    char* frame, int frame_size, u_int32_t timestamp
+    char* frame, int frame_size, uint32_t timestamp
 );
 
 /**
@@ -457,7 +460,7 @@ User also can send one by one:
     srs_h264_write_raw_frames('0000000141E02041F8CDDC562BBDEFAD2F......', size, dts, pts) 
 */
 extern int srs_h264_write_raw_frames(srs_rtmp_t rtmp, 
-    char* frames, int frames_size, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts
+    char* frames, int frames_size, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts
 );
 /**
 * whether error_code is dvbsp(drop video before sps/pps/sequence-header) error.
@@ -553,7 +556,7 @@ extern int srs_flv_read_header(srs_flv_t flv, char header[9]);
 * @remark, user must ensure the next is a tag, srs never check it.
 */
 extern int srs_flv_read_tag_header(srs_flv_t flv, 
-    char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, u_int32_t* ptime
+    char* ptype, int32_t* pdata_size, uint32_t* ptime
 );
 /**
 * read the tag data. drop the 4bytes previous tag size 
@@ -707,8 +710,8 @@ extern int64_t srs_utils_recv_bytes(srs_rtmp_t rtmp);
 * @remark, video only support h.264.
 */
 extern int srs_utils_parse_timestamp(
-    u_int32_t time, char type, char* data, int size,
-    u_int32_t* ppts
+    uint32_t time, char type, char* data, int size,
+    uint32_t* ppts
 );
     
 /**
@@ -957,20 +960,20 @@ extern const char* srs_human_flv_audio_aac_packet_type2string(char aac_packet_ty
 * and use srs_human_raw for script data body.
 * @return an error code for parse the timetstamp to dts and pts.
  */
-extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
+extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
 /**
  * @param pre_timestamp the previous timestamp in ms to calc the diff.
  */
-extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet2(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp);
+extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet2(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp);
 /**
  * @param pre_now the previous system time in ms to calc the ndiff.
  */
-extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet3(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now);
+extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet3(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now);
 /**
  * @param starttime the rtmpdump starttime in ms.
  * @param nb_packets the number of packets received, to calc the packets interval in ms.
  */
-extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, u_int32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now, int64_t starttime, int64_t nb_packets);
+extern int srs_human_print_rtmp_packet4(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, uint32_t pre_timestamp, int64_t pre_now, int64_t starttime, int64_t nb_packets);
 
 // log to console, for use srs-librtmp application.
 extern const char* srs_human_format_time();
diff --git a/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp b/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
index 8959776e0..c9b47bd6d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/main/srs_main_ingest_hls.cpp
@@ -322,9 +322,9 @@ int SrsIngestSrsInput::parseAac(ISrsAacHandler* handler, char* body, int nb_body
         return ret;
     }
     
-    u_int8_t id0 = (u_int8_t)body[0];
-    u_int8_t id1 = (u_int8_t)body[1];
-    u_int8_t id2 = (u_int8_t)body[2];
+    uint8_t id0 = (uint8_t)body[0];
+    uint8_t id1 = (uint8_t)body[1];
+    uint8_t id2 = (uint8_t)body[2];
     
     // skip ID3.
     if (id0 == 0x49 && id1 == 0x44 && id2 == 0x33) {
@@ -348,7 +348,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsInput::parseAac(ISrsAacHandler* handler, char* body, int nb_body
         // ignore ID3 + version + flag.
         stream->skip(6);
         // read the size of ID3.
-        u_int32_t nb_id3 = stream->read_4bytes();
+        uint32_t nb_id3 = stream->read_4bytes();
         
         // read body of ID3
         if (!stream->require(nb_id3)) {
@@ -652,12 +652,12 @@ private:
     virtual int do_on_aac_frame(SrsBuffer* avs, double duration);
     virtual int parse_message_queue();
     virtual int on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs);
-    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
-    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(std::string ibps, SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame frame_type, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
+    virtual int write_h264_ipb_frame(std::string ibps, SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame frame_type, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts);
     virtual int on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs);
-    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts);
+    virtual int write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts);
 private:
-    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
+    virtual int rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size);
 public:
     /**
      * connect to output rtmp server.
@@ -797,14 +797,14 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::do_on_aac_frame(SrsBuffer* avs, double duration)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
-    u_int32_t duration_ms = (u_int32_t)(duration * 1000);
+    uint32_t duration_ms = (uint32_t)(duration * 1000);
     
     // ts tbn to flv tbn.
-    u_int32_t dts = (u_int32_t)raw_aac_dts;
+    uint32_t dts = (uint32_t)raw_aac_dts;
     raw_aac_dts += duration_ms;
     
     // got the next msg to calc the delta duration for each audio.
-    u_int32_t max_dts = dts + duration_ms;
+    uint32_t max_dts = dts + duration_ms;
     
     // send each frame.
     while (!avs->empty()) {
@@ -844,8 +844,8 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::do_on_aac_frame(SrsBuffer* avs, double duration)
         }
         
         // calc the delta of dts, when previous frame output.
-        u_int32_t delta = duration_ms / (avs->size() / frame_size);
-        dts = (u_int32_t)(srs_min(max_dts, dts + delta));
+        uint32_t delta = duration_ms / (avs->size() / frame_size);
+        dts = (uint32_t)(srs_min(max_dts, dts + delta));
     }
     
     return ret;
@@ -955,8 +955,8 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
     // ts tbn to flv tbn.
-    u_int32_t dts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
-    u_int32_t pts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t dts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t pts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
     
     std::string ibps;
     SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame frame_type = SrsCodecVideoAVCFrameInterFrame;
@@ -1037,7 +1037,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::on_ts_video(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
+int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_sps_pps(uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1069,7 +1069,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     if ((ret = rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv)) != ERROR_SUCCESS) {
         return ret;
     }
@@ -1083,7 +1083,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_sps_pps(u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_ipb_frame(string ibps, SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame frame_type, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts)
+int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_ipb_frame(string ibps, SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame frame_type, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1101,7 +1101,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_h264_ipb_frame(string ibps, SrsCodecVideoAVCFrame
     }
     
     // the timestamp in rtmp message header is dts.
-    u_int32_t timestamp = dts;
+    uint32_t timestamp = dts;
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagVideo, timestamp, flv, nb_flv);
 }
 
@@ -1110,15 +1110,15 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
     // ts tbn to flv tbn.
-    u_int32_t dts = (u_int32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
+    uint32_t dts = (uint32_t)(msg->dts / 90);
     
     // got the next msg to calc the delta duration for each audio.
-    u_int32_t duration = 0;
+    uint32_t duration = 0;
     if (!queue.empty()) {
         SrsTsMessage* nm = queue.begin()->second;
-        duration = (u_int32_t)(srs_max(0, nm->dts - msg->dts) / 90);
+        duration = (uint32_t)(srs_max(0, nm->dts - msg->dts) / 90);
     }
-    u_int32_t max_dts = dts + duration;
+    uint32_t max_dts = dts + duration;
     
     // send each frame.
     while (!avs->empty()) {
@@ -1158,14 +1158,14 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::on_ts_audio(SrsTsMessage* msg, SrsBuffer* avs)
         }
         
         // calc the delta of dts, when previous frame output.
-        u_int32_t delta = duration / (msg->payload->length() / frame_size);
-        dts = (u_int32_t)(srs_min(max_dts, dts + delta));
+        uint32_t delta = duration / (msg->payload->length() / frame_size);
+        dts = (uint32_t)(srs_min(max_dts, dts + delta));
     }
     
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts)
+int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -1178,7 +1178,7 @@ int SrsIngestSrsOutput::write_audio_raw_frame(char* frame, int frame_size, SrsRa
     return rtmp_write_packet(SrsCodecFlvTagAudio, dts, data, size);
 }
 
-int SrsIngestSrsOutput::rtmp_write_packet(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
+int SrsIngestSrsOutput::rtmp_write_packet(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_http_stack.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_http_stack.hpp
index 2dc2121d6..d8e09a44c 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_http_stack.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_http_stack.hpp
@@ -501,8 +501,8 @@ public:
      */
     virtual char* http_ts_send_buffer();
 public:
-    virtual u_int8_t method() = 0;
-    virtual u_int16_t status_code() = 0;
+    virtual uint8_t method() = 0;
+    virtual uint16_t status_code() = 0;
     /**
      * method helpers.
      */
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.cpp
index c13635484..ddfc17d3c 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.cpp
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ void SrsKafkaBytes::set_value(const char* v, int nb_v)
     memcpy(_data, v, _size);
 }
 
-u_int32_t SrsKafkaBytes::crc32(u_int32_t previous)
+uint32_t SrsKafkaBytes::crc32(uint32_t previous)
 {
     char bsize[4];
     SrsBuffer(bsize, 4).write_4bytes(_size);
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ u_int32_t SrsKafkaBytes::crc32(u_int32_t previous)
         return srs_crc32_ieee(bsize, 4, previous);
     }
     
-    u_int32_t crc = srs_crc32_ieee(bsize, 4, previous);
+    uint32_t crc = srs_crc32_ieee(bsize, 4, previous);
     crc = srs_crc32_ieee(_data, _size, crc);
     
     return crc;
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.hpp
index ae9062743..08ea1209a 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_kafka_stack.hpp
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public:
     virtual bool empty();
     virtual void set_value(std::string v);
     virtual void set_value(const char* v, int nb_v);
-    virtual u_int32_t crc32(u_int32_t previous);
+    virtual uint32_t crc32(uint32_t previous);
 // interface ISrsCodec
 public:
     virtual int nb_bytes();
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
index f7f194579..01c8c56b1 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.cpp
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ string srs_generate_vis_tc_url(string ip, string vhost, string app, int port)
 */
 bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size)
 {
-    u_int8_t* a = (u_int8_t*)pa;
-    u_int8_t* b = (u_int8_t*)pb;
+    uint8_t* a = (uint8_t*)pa;
+    uint8_t* b = (uint8_t*)pb;
     
     if (!a && !b) {
         return true;
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size)
 }
 
 template<typename T>
-int srs_do_rtmp_create_msg(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, T** ppmsg)
+int srs_do_rtmp_create_msg(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, T** ppmsg)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -263,7 +263,7 @@ int srs_do_rtmp_create_msg(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size,
     return ret;
 }
 
-int srs_rtmp_create_msg(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, SrsSharedPtrMessage** ppmsg)
+int srs_rtmp_create_msg(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, SrsSharedPtrMessage** ppmsg)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ int srs_rtmp_create_msg(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, in
     return ret;
 }
 
-int srs_rtmp_create_msg(char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, SrsCommonMessage** ppmsg)
+int srs_rtmp_create_msg(char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id, SrsCommonMessage** ppmsg)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
index ce227e5d9..46025dad1 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_protocol_utility.hpp
@@ -115,11 +115,11 @@ extern bool srs_bytes_equals(void* pa, void* pb, int size);
 * @param ppmsg output the shared ptr message. user should free it.
 */
 extern int srs_rtmp_create_msg(
-    char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id,
+    char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id,
     SrsSharedPtrMessage** ppmsg
 );
 extern int srs_rtmp_create_msg(
-    char type, u_int32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id,
+    char type, uint32_t timestamp, char* data, int size, int stream_id,
     SrsCommonMessage** ppmsg
 );
 
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.cpp
index 73744b3fe..72f84b7e0 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.cpp
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ bool SrsRawH264Stream::is_sps(char* frame, int nb_frame)
     // 5bits, 7.3.1 NAL unit syntax, 
     // ISO_IEC_14496-10-AVC-2003.pdf, page 44.
     //  7: SPS, 8: PPS, 5: I Frame, 1: P Frame
-    u_int8_t nal_unit_type = (char)frame[0] & 0x1f;
+    uint8_t nal_unit_type = (char)frame[0] & 0x1f;
 
     return nal_unit_type == 7;
 }
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ bool SrsRawH264Stream::is_pps(char* frame, int nb_frame)
     // 5bits, 7.3.1 NAL unit syntax, 
     // ISO_IEC_14496-10-AVC-2003.pdf, page 44.
     //  7: SPS, 8: PPS, 5: I Frame, 1: P Frame
-    u_int8_t nal_unit_type = (char)frame[0] & 0x1f;
+    uint8_t nal_unit_type = (char)frame[0] & 0x1f;
 
     return nal_unit_type == 8;
 }
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ int SrsRawH264Stream::pps_demux(char* frame, int nb_frame, string& pps)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_sequence_header(string sps, string pps, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts, string& sh)
+int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_sequence_header(string sps, string pps, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts, string& sh)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_sequence_header(string sps, string pps, u_int32_t dts,
         //      Baseline profile profile_idc is 66(0x42).
         //      Main profile profile_idc is 77(0x4d).
         //      Extended profile profile_idc is 88(0x58).
-        u_int8_t profile_idc = frame[1];
-        //u_int8_t constraint_set = frame[2];
-        u_int8_t level_idc = frame[3];
+        uint8_t profile_idc = frame[1];
+        //uint8_t constraint_set = frame[2];
+        uint8_t level_idc = frame[3];
         
         // generate the sps/pps header
         // 5.3.4.2.1 Syntax, ISO_IEC_14496-15-AVC-format-2012.pdf, page 16
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_ipb_frame(char* frame, int nb_frame, string& ibp)
 
     // 5.3.4.2.1 Syntax, ISO_IEC_14496-15-AVC-format-2012.pdf, page 16
     // lengthSizeMinusOne, or NAL_unit_length, always use 4bytes size
-    u_int32_t NAL_unit_length = nb_frame;
+    uint32_t NAL_unit_length = nb_frame;
     
     // mux the avc NALU in "ISO Base Media File Format" 
     // from ISO_IEC_14496-15-AVC-format-2012.pdf, page 20
@@ -261,7 +261,7 @@ int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_ipb_frame(char* frame, int nb_frame, string& ibp)
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_avc2flv(string video, int8_t frame_type, int8_t avc_packet_type, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts, char** flv, int* nb_flv)
+int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_avc2flv(string video, int8_t frame_type, int8_t avc_packet_type, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts, char** flv, int* nb_flv)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
     
@@ -287,7 +287,7 @@ int SrsRawH264Stream::mux_avc2flv(string video, int8_t frame_type, int8_t avc_pa
     // pts = dts + cts, or 
     // cts = pts - dts.
     // where cts is the header in rtmp video packet payload header.
-    u_int32_t cts = pts - dts;
+    uint32_t cts = pts - dts;
     char* pp = (char*)&cts;
     *p++ = pp[2];
     *p++ = pp[1];
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ int SrsRawAacStream::mux_sequence_header(SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, string& sh
     return ret;
 }
 
-int SrsRawAacStream::mux_aac2flv(char* frame, int nb_frame, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts, char** flv, int* nb_flv)
+int SrsRawAacStream::mux_aac2flv(char* frame, int nb_frame, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts, char** flv, int* nb_flv)
 {
     int ret = ERROR_SUCCESS;
 
@@ -538,7 +538,7 @@ int SrsRawAacStream::mux_aac2flv(char* frame, int nb_frame, SrsRawAacStreamCodec
     char* data = new char[size];
     char* p = data;
     
-    u_int8_t audio_header = sound_type & 0x01;
+    uint8_t audio_header = sound_type & 0x01;
     audio_header |= (sound_size << 1) & 0x02;
     audio_header |= (sound_rate << 2) & 0x0c;
     audio_header |= (sound_format << 4) & 0xf0;
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.hpp
index bfae8c5ab..3440aa93f 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_raw_avc.hpp
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public:
     * mux the sps/pps to flv sequence header packet.
     * @param sh output the sequence header.
     */
-    virtual int mux_sequence_header(std::string sps, std::string pps, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts, std::string& sh);
+    virtual int mux_sequence_header(std::string sps, std::string pps, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts, std::string& sh);
     /**
     * h264 raw data to h264 packet, without flv payload header.
     * mux the ibp to flv ibp packet.
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public:
     * @param flv output the muxed flv packet.
     * @param nb_flv output the muxed flv size.
     */
-    virtual int mux_avc2flv(std::string video, int8_t frame_type, int8_t avc_packet_type, u_int32_t dts, u_int32_t pts, char** flv, int* nb_flv);
+    virtual int mux_avc2flv(std::string video, int8_t frame_type, int8_t avc_packet_type, uint32_t dts, uint32_t pts, char** flv, int* nb_flv);
 };
 
 /**
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ public:
     * @param flv output the muxed flv packet.
     * @param nb_flv output the muxed flv size.
     */
-    virtual int mux_aac2flv(char* frame, int nb_frame, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, u_int32_t dts, char** flv, int* nb_flv);
+    virtual int mux_aac2flv(char* frame, int nb_frame, SrsRawAacStreamCodec* codec, uint32_t dts, char** flv, int* nb_flv);
 };
 
 #endif
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.cpp
index f63f6a88c..cb6922b2d 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.cpp
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ using namespace _srs_internal;
 namespace _srs_internal
 {
     // 68bytes FMS key which is used to sign the sever packet.
-    u_int8_t SrsGenuineFMSKey[] = {
+    uint8_t SrsGenuineFMSKey[] = {
         0x47, 0x65, 0x6e, 0x75, 0x69, 0x6e, 0x65, 0x20,
         0x41, 0x64, 0x6f, 0x62, 0x65, 0x20, 0x46, 0x6c,
         0x61, 0x73, 0x68, 0x20, 0x4d, 0x65, 0x64, 0x69,
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace _srs_internal
     }; // 68
     
     // 62bytes FP key which is used to sign the client packet.
-    u_int8_t SrsGenuineFPKey[] = {
+    uint8_t SrsGenuineFPKey[] = {
         0x47, 0x65, 0x6E, 0x75, 0x69, 0x6E, 0x65, 0x20,
         0x41, 0x64, 0x6F, 0x62, 0x65, 0x20, 0x46, 0x6C,
         0x61, 0x73, 0x68, 0x20, 0x50, 0x6C, 0x61, 0x79,
@@ -371,7 +371,7 @@ namespace _srs_internal
         int max_offset_size = 764 - 128 - 4;
         
         int valid_offset = 0;
-        u_int8_t* pp = (u_int8_t*)&offset;
+        uint8_t* pp = (uint8_t*)&offset;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
@@ -448,7 +448,7 @@ namespace _srs_internal
         int max_offset_size = 764 - 32 - 4;
         
         int valid_offset = 0;
-        u_int8_t* pp = (u_int8_t*)&offset;
+        uint8_t* pp = (uint8_t*)&offset;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
         valid_offset += *pp++;
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.hpp
index be89f07d1..fec5c96a0 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_handshake.hpp
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ namespace _srs_internal
 {
     // the digest key generate size.
     #define SRS_OpensslHashSize 512
-    extern u_int8_t SrsGenuineFMSKey[];
-    extern u_int8_t SrsGenuineFPKey[];
+    extern uint8_t SrsGenuineFMSKey[];
+    extern uint8_t SrsGenuineFPKey[];
     int openssl_HMACsha256(const void* key, int key_size, const void* data, int data_size, void* digest);
     int openssl_generate_key(char* public_key, int32_t size);
     
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_stack.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_stack.cpp
index c17fa1d1d..64b466588 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_stack.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtmp_stack.cpp
@@ -662,12 +662,12 @@ int SrsProtocol::do_simple_send(SrsMessageHeader* mh, char* payload, int size)
         int nbh = 0;
         if (p == payload) {
             nbh = srs_chunk_header_c0(
-                mh->perfer_cid, (u_int32_t)mh->timestamp, mh->payload_length,
+                mh->perfer_cid, (uint32_t)mh->timestamp, mh->payload_length,
                 mh->message_type, mh->stream_id,
                 c0c3, sizeof(c0c3));
         } else {
             nbh = srs_chunk_header_c3(
-                mh->perfer_cid, (u_int32_t)mh->timestamp,
+                mh->perfer_cid, (uint32_t)mh->timestamp,
                 c0c3, sizeof(c0c3));
         }
         srs_assert(nbh > 0);;
@@ -1084,7 +1084,7 @@ int SrsProtocol::read_basic_header(char& fmt, int& cid)
         }
         
         cid = 64;
-        cid += (u_int8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte();
+        cid += (uint8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte();
         srs_verbose("2bytes basic header parsed. fmt=%d, cid=%d", fmt, cid);
     // 64-65599, 3B chunk header
     } else if (cid == 1) {
@@ -1096,8 +1096,8 @@ int SrsProtocol::read_basic_header(char& fmt, int& cid)
         }
         
         cid = 64;
-        cid += (u_int8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte();
-        cid += ((u_int8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte()) * 256;
+        cid += (uint8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte();
+        cid += ((uint8_t)in_buffer->read_1byte()) * 256;
         srs_verbose("3bytes basic header parsed. fmt=%d, cid=%d", fmt, cid);
     } else {
         srs_error("invalid path, impossible basic header.");
@@ -1320,7 +1320,7 @@ int SrsProtocol::read_message_header(SrsChunkStream* chunk, char fmt)
         // reset the p to get 4bytes slice.
         char* p = in_buffer->read_slice(4);
 
-        u_int32_t timestamp = 0x00;
+        uint32_t timestamp = 0x00;
         char* pp = (char*)&timestamp;
         pp[3] = *p++;
         pp[2] = *p++;
@@ -1348,7 +1348,7 @@ int SrsProtocol::read_message_header(SrsChunkStream* chunk, char fmt)
         * @remark, srs always send the extended-timestamp, to keep simple,
         * and compatible with adobe products.
         */
-        u_int32_t chunk_timestamp = (u_int32_t)chunk->header.timestamp;
+        uint32_t chunk_timestamp = (uint32_t)chunk->header.timestamp;
         
         /**
         * if chunk_timestamp<=0, the chunk previous packet has no extended-timestamp,
@@ -3416,7 +3416,7 @@ int SrsConnectAppResPacket::decode(SrsBuffer* stream)
         
         // ignore when props is not amf0 object.
         if (!p->is_object()) {
-            srs_warn("ignore connect response props marker=%#x.", (u_int8_t)p->marker);
+            srs_warn("ignore connect response props marker=%#x.", (uint8_t)p->marker);
             srs_freep(p);
         } else {
             srs_freep(props);
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.cpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.cpp
index a65717c35..7c2ec3c62 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.cpp
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ int SrsRtpPacket::decode_97(SrsBuffer* stream)
 
     int8_t hasv = stream->read_1bytes();
     int8_t lasv = stream->read_1bytes();
-    u_int16_t au_size = ((hasv << 5) & 0xE0) | ((lasv >> 3) & 0x1f);
+    uint16_t au_size = ((hasv << 5) & 0xE0) | ((lasv >> 3) & 0x1f);
 
     if (!stream->require(au_size)) {
         ret = ERROR_RTP_TYPE97_CORRUPT;
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ int SrsRtpPacket::decode_97(SrsBuffer* stream)
         hasv = stream->read_1bytes();
         lasv = stream->read_1bytes();
 
-        u_int16_t sample_size = ((hasv << 5) & 0xE0) | ((lasv >> 3) & 0x1f);
+        uint16_t sample_size = ((hasv << 5) & 0xE0) | ((lasv >> 3) & 0x1f);
         // TODO: FIXME: finger out how to parse the size of sample.
         if (sample_size < 0x100 && stream->require(required_size + sample_size + 0x100)) {
             sample_size = sample_size | 0x100;
@@ -549,7 +549,7 @@ int SrsRtspSdp::parse_fmtp_attribute(string attr)
 
                 char* tmp_sh = new char[item_value.length()];
                 SrsAutoFreeA(char, tmp_sh);
-                int nb_tmp_sh = ff_hex_to_data((u_int8_t*)tmp_sh, item_value.c_str());
+                int nb_tmp_sh = ff_hex_to_data((uint8_t*)tmp_sh, item_value.c_str());
                 srs_assert(nb_tmp_sh > 0);
                 audio_sh.append(tmp_sh, nb_tmp_sh);
             }
@@ -602,8 +602,8 @@ string SrsRtspSdp::base64_decode(string value)
     }
 
     int nb_output = (int)(value.length() * 2);
-    u_int8_t* output = new u_int8_t[nb_output];
-    SrsAutoFreeA(u_int8_t, output);
+    uint8_t* output = new uint8_t[nb_output];
+    SrsAutoFreeA(uint8_t, output);
 
     int ret = srs_av_base64_decode(output, (char*)value.c_str(), nb_output);
     if (ret <= 0) {
diff --git a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.hpp b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.hpp
index ebc292952..16dae3f8e 100644
--- a/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.hpp
+++ b/trunk/src/protocol/srs_rtsp_stack.hpp
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ public:
     * in Section 9.1, because the packets may flow through a translator that does. Techniques for
     * choosing unpredictable numbers are discussed in [17].
     */
-    u_int16_t sequence_number; //16bits
+    uint16_t sequence_number; //16bits
     /**
     * timestamp: 32 bits
     * The timestamp reflects the sampling instant of the rst octet in the RTP data packet. The
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public:
     * presentation of the audio and video packets by relating their RTP timestamps using the
     * timestamp pairs in RTCP SR packets.
     */
-    u_int32_t timestamp; //32bits
+    uint32_t timestamp; //32bits
     /**
     * SSRC: 32 bits
     * The SSRC eld identies the synchronization source. This identier should be chosen
@@ -285,7 +285,7 @@ public:
     * a source changes its source transport address, it must also choose a new SSRC identier to
     * avoid being interpreted as a looped source (see Section 8.2).
     */
-    u_int32_t ssrc; //32bits
+    uint32_t ssrc; //32bits
 
     // the payload.
     SrsSimpleStream* payload;
diff --git a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
index 48ace3050..d703a394a 100644
--- a/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
+++ b/trunk/src/utest/srs_utest_kernel.cpp
@@ -620,7 +620,7 @@ VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderMetadata)
     
     char type = 0;
     int32_t size = 0;
-    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    uint32_t time = 0;
     char data[1024];
     fs.mock_reset_offset();
     
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderAudio)
     
     char type = 0;
     int32_t size = 0;
-    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    uint32_t time = 0;
     char data[1024];
     fs.mock_reset_offset();
     
@@ -712,7 +712,7 @@ VOID TEST(KernelFlvTest, FlvDecoderVideo)
     
     char type = 0;
     int32_t size = 0;
-    u_int32_t time = 0;
+    uint32_t time = 0;
     char data[1024];
     fs.mock_reset_offset();