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<li class="toctree-l3"><a class="reference internal" href="#id3">redefine的限制</a></li>
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<a href="https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/blob/master/site/src/site/sphinx/redefine.md" class="fa fa-github"> Edit on GitHub</a>
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<div class="section" id="redefine">
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<h1>redefine<a class="headerlink" href="#redefine" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h1>
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<blockquote>
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<div><p>加载外部的<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.class</span></code>文件，redefine jvm已加载的类。</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<p>参考：<a class="reference external" href="https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/api/java/lang/instrument/Instrumentation.html#redefineClasses-java.lang.instrument.ClassDefinition...-">Instrumentation#redefineClasses</a></p>
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<blockquote>
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<div><p>注意， redefine后的原来的类不能恢复，redefine有可能失败（比如增加了新的field），参考jdk本身的文档。</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<div><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">reset</span></code>命令对<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redefine</span></code>的类无效。如果想重置，需要<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redefine</span></code>原始的字节码。</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<blockquote>
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<div><p><code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redefine</span></code>命令和<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">jad</span></code>/<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">watch</span></code>/<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">trace</span></code>/<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">monitor</span></code>/<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">tt</span></code>等命令会冲突。执行完<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redefine</span></code>之后，如果再执行上面提到的命令，则会把<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">redefine</span></code>的字节码重置。
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原因是jdk本身redefine和Retransform是不同的机制，同时使用两种机制来更新字节码，只有最后修改的会生效。</p>
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</div></blockquote>
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<div class="section" id="id1">
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<h2>参数说明<a class="headerlink" href="#id1" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<table border="1" class="docutils">
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<thead>
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<tr>
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<th align="right">参数名称</th>
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<th align="left">参数说明</th>
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</tr>
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</thead>
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<tbody>
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<tr>
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<td align="right">[c:]</td>
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<td align="left">ClassLoader的hashcode</td>
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</tr>
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<tr>
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<td align="right">[p:]</td>
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<td align="left">外部的<code>.class</code>文件的完整路径，支持多个</td>
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</tr>
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</tbody>
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</table></div>
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<div class="section" id="id2">
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<h2>使用参考<a class="headerlink" href="#id2" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight hljs"><pre class="bash"> redefine /tmp/Test.class
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redefine -c 327a647b /tmp/Test.class /tmp/Test\$Inner.class</pre></div>
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</div>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="jad-mc">
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<h2>结合 jad/mc 命令使用<a class="headerlink" href="#jad-mc" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight hljs"><pre class="bash">jad --source-only com.example.demo.arthas.user.UserController > /tmp/UserController.java
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mc /tmp/UserController.java -d /tmp
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redefine /tmp/com/example/demo/arthas/user/UserController.class</pre></div>
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</div>
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<ul class="simple">
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<li><p>jad命令反编译，然后可以用其它编译器，比如vim来修改源码</p></li>
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<li><p>mc命令来内存编译修改过的代码</p></li>
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<li><p>用redefine命令加载新的字节码</p></li>
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</ul>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="class">
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<h2>上传 .class 文件到服务器的技巧<a class="headerlink" href="#class" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<p>使用<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">mc</span></code>命令来编译<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">jad</span></code>的反编译的代码有可能失败。可以在本地修改代码，编译好后再上传到服务器上。有的服务器不允许直接上传文件，可以使用<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">base64</span></code>命令来绕过。</p>
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<ol>
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<li><p>在本地先转换<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.class</span></code>文件为base64，再保存为result.txt</p>
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<div class="highlight-bash notranslate"><div class="highlight hljs"><pre class="bash">base64 < Test.class > result.txt</pre></div>
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</div>
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</li>
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<li><p>到服务器上，新建并编辑<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">result.txt</span></code>，复制本地的内容，粘贴再保存</p></li>
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<li><p>把服务器上的 <code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">result.txt</span></code>还原为<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">.class</span></code></p>
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<div class="highlight-default notranslate"><pre class="literal-block">base64 -d < result.txt > Test.class</pre>
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</div>
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</li>
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<li><p>用md5命令计算哈希值，校验是否一致</p></li>
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</ol>
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</div>
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<div class="section" id="id3">
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<h2>redefine的限制<a class="headerlink" href="#id3" title="永久链接至标题">¶</a></h2>
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<ul>
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<li><p>不允许新增加field/method</p></li>
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<li><p>正在跑的函数，没有退出不能生效，比如下面新增加的<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">System.out.println</span></code>，只有<code class="docutils literal notranslate"><span class="pre">run()</span></code>函数里的会生效</p>
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<div class="highlight-java notranslate"><div class="highlight hljs"><pre class="java">public class MathGame {
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public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
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MathGame game = new MathGame();
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while (true) {
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game.run();
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TimeUnit.SECONDS.sleep(1);
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// 这个不生效，因为代码一直跑在 while里
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System.out.println("in loop");
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}
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}
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public void run() throws InterruptedException {
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// 这个生效，因为run()函数每次都可以完整结束
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System.out.println("call run()");
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try {
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int number = random.nextInt();
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List<Integer> primeFactors = primeFactors(number);
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print(number, primeFactors);
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} catch (Exception e) {
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System.out.println(String.format("illegalArgumentCount:%3d, ", illegalArgumentCount) + e.getMessage());
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}
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}</pre></div>
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