<!DOCTYPE html>
<!-- [if IE 8]><html class="no - js lt - ie9" lang="en" > <![endif] -->
<!-- [if gt IE 8]><! --> < html class = "no-js" lang = "en" > <!-- <![endif] -->
< head >
< meta charset = "utf-8" >
< meta name = "viewport" content = "width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" >
< title > thread — Arthas 3.1.3 documentation< / title >
< link rel = "shortcut icon" href = "_static/favicon.ico" / >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/js/modernizr.min.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" id = "documentation_options" data-url_root = "./" src = "_static/documentation_options.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/jquery.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/underscore.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/doctools.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/language_data.js" > < / script >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/js/theme.js" > < / script >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "_static/css/theme.css" type = "text/css" / >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "_static/pygments.css" type = "text/css" / >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "_static/overrides.css" type = "text/css" / >
< link rel = "index" title = "Index" href = "genindex.html" / >
< link rel = "search" title = "Search" href = "search.html" / >
< link rel = "next" title = "jvm" href = "jvm.html" / >
< link rel = "prev" title = "dashboard" href = "dashboard.html" / >
< script src = "_static/center_page.js" > < / script >
< link rel = "stylesheet" href = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.13.1/styles/github.min.css" >
< / head >
< body class = "wy-body-for-nav" >
< div class = "wy-grid-for-nav" >
< nav data-toggle = "wy-nav-shift" class = "wy-nav-side" >
< div class = "wy-side-scroll" >
< div class = "wy-side-nav-search" >
< a href = "index.html" class = "icon icon-home" > Arthas
< / a >
< div class = "version" >
3.1.3
< / div >
< div role = "search" >
< form id = "rtd-search-form" class = "wy-form" action = "search.html" method = "get" >
< input type = "text" name = "q" placeholder = "Search docs" / >
< input type = "hidden" name = "check_keywords" value = "yes" / >
< input type = "hidden" name = "area" value = "default" / >
< / form >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "wy-menu wy-menu-vertical" data-spy = "affix" role = "navigation" aria-label = "main navigation" >
< ul class = "current" >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://alibaba.github.io/arthas/arthas-tutorials?language=en" > Online tutorials(Recommend)< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "install-detail.html" > Installation< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "download.html" > Download< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "quick-start.html" > Quick start< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "advanced-use.html" > Advanced usage< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1 current" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "commands.html" > Commands< / a > < ul class = "current" >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "dashboard.html" > dashboard< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2 current" > < a class = "current reference internal" href = "#" > thread< / a > < ul >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#parameters" > Parameters< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l3" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#usage" > Usage< / a > < ul >
< li class = "toctree-l4" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#list-the-top-n-busiest-threads-with-detailed-stack-trace" > List the top n busiest threads with detailed stack trace< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l4" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#list-all-threads-info-when-no-options-provided" > List all threads’ < / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l4" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#thread-id-show-the-running-stack-for-the-target-thread" > thread id, show the running stack for the target thread< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l4" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#thread-b-locate-the-thread-bocking-the-others" > thread -b, locate the thread bocking the others< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l4" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "#thread-i-specify-the-sampling-interval" > thread -i, specify the sampling interval< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "jvm.html" > jvm< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "sysprop.html" > sysprop< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "sysenv.html" > sysenv< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "vmoption.html" > vmoption< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "logger.html" > logger< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "mbean.html" > mbean< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "getstatic.html" > getstatic< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "ognl.html" > ognl< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "sc.html" > sc< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "sm.html" > sm< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "dump.html" > dump< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "heapdump.html" > heapdump< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "jad.html" > jad< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "classloader.html" > classloader< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "mc.html" > mc< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "redefine.html" > redefine< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "monitor.html" > monitor< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "watch.html" > watch< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "trace.html" > trace< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "stack.html" > stack< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "tt.html" > tt< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "cat.html" > cat< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "pwd.html" > pwd< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "options.html" > options< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l2" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "commands.html#basic-arthas-commands" > Basic Arthas Commands< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "web-console.html" > WebConsole< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference internal" href = "docker.html" > Docker< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/issues?q=label%3Auser-case" > User cases< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/issues?q=label%3Aquestion-answered" > Questions and answers< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas" > Fork me at GitHub< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/blob/master/CONTRIBUTING" > Compile and debug/CONTRIBUTING< / a > < / li >
< li class = "toctree-l1" > < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/releases" > Release Notes< / a > < / li >
< / ul >
< / div >
< / div >
< / nav >
< section data-toggle = "wy-nav-shift" class = "wy-nav-content-wrap" >
< nav class = "wy-nav-top" aria-label = "top navigation" >
< i data-toggle = "wy-nav-top" class = "fa fa-bars" > < / i >
< a href = "index.html" > Arthas< / a >
< / nav >
< div class = "wy-nav-content" >
< div class = "rst-content" >
< div role = "navigation" aria-label = "breadcrumbs navigation" >
< ul class = "wy-breadcrumbs" >
< li > < a href = "index.html" > Docs< / a > » < / li >
< li > < a href = "commands.html" > All Commands< / a > » < / li >
< li > thread< / li >
< li class = "wy-breadcrumbs-aside" >
< a href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas/blob/master/site/src/site/sphinx/en/thread.md" class = "fa fa-github" > Edit on GitHub< / a >
< / li >
< / ul >
< hr / >
< / div >
< div role = "main" class = "document" itemscope = "itemscope" itemtype = "http://schema.org/Article" >
< div itemprop = "articleBody" >
< div class = "section" id = "thread" >
< h1 > thread< a class = "headerlink" href = "#thread" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h1 >
< blockquote >
< div > < p > Check the basic info and stack trace of the target thread.< / p >
< / div > < / blockquote >
< div class = "section" id = "parameters" >
< h2 > Parameters< a class = "headerlink" href = "#parameters" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< table border = "1" class = "docutils" >
< thead >
< tr >
< th align = "right" > Name< / th >
< th align = "left" > Specification< / th >
< / tr >
< / thead >
< tbody >
< tr >
< td align = "right" > < em > id< / em > < / td >
< td align = "left" > thread id in JVM< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td align = "right" > < code > [n:]< / code > < / td >
< td align = "left" > the top n busiest threads with stack traces printed< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td align = "right" > < code > [b]< / code > < / td >
< td align = "left" > locate the thread blocking the others< / td >
< / tr >
< tr >
< td align = "right" > [i < code > < value> < / code > ]< / td >
< td align = "left" > specify the interval to collect data to compute CPU ratios (ms)< / td >
< / tr >
< / tbody >
< / table > < blockquote >
< div > < p > How the CPU ratios are calculated? < br / > < br / >
CPU ratio for a given thread is the CPU time it takes divided by the total CPU time within a specified interval period. It is calculated in the following way: sample CPU times for all the thread by calling < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > java.lang.management.ThreadMXBean#getThreadCpuTime< / span > < / code > first, then sleep for a period (the default value is 100ms, which can be specified by < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > -i< / span > < / code > ), then sample CPU times again. By this, we can get the time cost for this period for each thread, then come up with the ratio. < br / > < br / >
Note: this operation consumes CPU time too (< code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > getThreadCpuTime< / span > < / code > is time-consuming), therefore it is possible to observe Arthas’ < br / > < br / >
If you’ < a class = "reference external" href = "https://github.com/oldratlee/useful-scripts/blob/master/docs/java.md#-show-busy-java-threads" > show-busy-java-threads< / a > can come to help.< / p >
< / div > < / blockquote >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "usage" >
< h2 > Usage< a class = "headerlink" href = "#usage" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h2 >
< div class = "section" id = "list-the-top-n-busiest-threads-with-detailed-stack-trace" >
< h3 > List the top n busiest threads with detailed stack trace< a class = "headerlink" href = "#list-the-top-n-busiest-threads-with-detailed-stack-trace" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "highlight-shell notranslate" > < div class = "highlight hljs" > < pre class = "shell" > $ thread -n 3
" as-command-execute-daemon" Id=29 cpuUsage=75% RUNNABLE
at sun.management.ThreadImpl.dumpThreads0(Native Method)
at sun.management.ThreadImpl.getThreadInfo(ThreadImpl.java:440)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.command.monitor200.ThreadCommand$1.action(ThreadCommand.java:58)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.command.handler.AbstractCommandHandler.execute(AbstractCommandHandler.java:238)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.command.handler.DefaultCommandHandler.handleCommand(DefaultCommandHandler.java:67)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.server.ArthasServer$4.run(ArthasServer.java:276)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1145)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:615)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Number of locked synchronizers = 1
- java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker@6cd0b6f8
" as-session-expire-daemon" Id=25 cpuUsage=24% TIMED_WAITING
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.server.DefaultSessionManager$2.run(DefaultSessionManager.java:85)
" Reference Handler" Id=2 cpuUsage=0% WAITING on java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock@69ba0f27
at java.lang.Object.wait(Native Method)
- waiting on java.lang.ref.Reference$Lock@69ba0f27
at java.lang.Object.wait(Object.java:503)
at java.lang.ref.Reference$ReferenceHandler.run(Reference.java:133)< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "list-all-threads-info-when-no-options-provided" >
< h3 > List all threads’ < a class = "headerlink" href = "#list-all-threads-info-when-no-options-provided" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "highlight-shell notranslate" > < div class = "highlight hljs" > < pre class = "shell" > $ thread
Threads Total: 16, NEW: 0, RUNNABLE: 7, BLOCKED: 0, WAITING: 5, TIMED_WAITING: 4, TERMINATED: 0
ID NAME GROUP PRIORITY STATE %CPU TIME INTERRUPTE DAEMON
30 as-command-execute-daemon system 9 RUNNABLE 72 0:0 false true
23 as-session-expire-daemon system 9 TIMED_WAIT 27 0:0 false true
22 Attach Listener system 9 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false true
11 pool-2-thread-1 main 5 TIMED_WAIT 0 0:0 false false
12 Thread-2 main 5 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false true
13 pool-3-thread-1 main 5 TIMED_WAIT 0 0:0 false false
25 as-selector-daemon system 9 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false true
14 Thread-3 main 5 TIMED_WAIT 0 0:0 false false
26 pool-5-thread-1 system 5 WAITING 0 0:0 false false
15 Thread-4 main 5 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false false
1 main main 5 WAITING 0 0:2 false false
2 Reference Handler system 10 WAITING 0 0:0 false true
3 Finalizer system 8 WAITING 0 0:0 false true
4 Signal Dispatcher system 9 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false true
20 NonBlockingInputStreamThread main 5 WAITING 0 0:0 false true
21 Thread-8 main 5 RUNNABLE 0 0:0 false true< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "thread-id-show-the-running-stack-for-the-target-thread" >
< h3 > thread id, show the running stack for the target thread< a class = "headerlink" href = "#thread-id-show-the-running-stack-for-the-target-thread" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "highlight-shell notranslate" > < div class = "highlight hljs" > < pre class = "shell" > $ thread 1
" main" Id=1 WAITING on java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch$Sync@29fafb28
at sun.misc.Unsafe.park(Native Method)
- waiting on java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch$Sync@29fafb28
at java.util.concurrent.locks.LockSupport.park(LockSupport.java:175)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.parkAndCheckInterrupt(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:836)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.doAcquireSharedInterruptibly(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:997)
at java.util.concurrent.locks.AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.acquireSharedInterruptibly(AbstractQueuedSynchronizer.java:1304)
at java.util.concurrent.CountDownLatch.await(CountDownLatch.java:231)< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "thread-b-locate-the-thread-bocking-the-others" >
< h3 > thread -b, locate the thread bocking the others< a class = "headerlink" href = "#thread-b-locate-the-thread-bocking-the-others" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< p > In some occasions, we experience the whole application is stuck because there’ < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > thread< / span > < span class = "pre" > -b< / span > < / code > to find the problematic thread in one single command.< / p >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight hljs" > < pre class = "bash" > $ thread -b
" http-bio-8080-exec-4" Id=27 TIMED_WAITING
at java.lang.Thread.sleep(Native Method)
at test.arthas.TestThreadBlocking.doGet(TestThreadBlocking.java:22)
- locked java.lang.Object@725be470 < ---- but blocks 4 other threads!
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:624)
at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:731)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:303)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.tomcat.websocket.server.WsFilter.doFilter(WsFilter.java:52)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at test.filter.TestDurexFilter.doFilter(TestDurexFilter.java:46)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:241)
at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:208)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:220)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:122)
at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:505)
at com.taobao.tomcat.valves.ContextLoadFilterValve$FilterChainAdapter.doFilter(ContextLoadFilterValve.java:191)
at com.taobao.eagleeye.EagleEyeFilter.doFilter(EagleEyeFilter.java:81)
at com.taobao.tomcat.valves.ContextLoadFilterValve.invoke(ContextLoadFilterValve.java:150)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:170)
at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)
at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:116)
at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:429)
at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:1085)
at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:625)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:318)
- locked org.apache.tomcat.util.net.SocketWrapper@7127ee12
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.TaskThread$WrappingRunnable.run(TaskThread.java:61)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:745)
Number of locked synchronizers = 1
- java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker@31a6493e< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< blockquote >
< div > < p > Note: By now Arthas only supports to locate the thread blocked by < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > synchronzied< / span > < / code > , while < code class = "docutils literal notranslate" > < span class = "pre" > java.util.concurrent.Lock< / span > < / code > is not supported yet.< / p >
< / div > < / blockquote >
< / div >
< div class = "section" id = "thread-i-specify-the-sampling-interval" >
< h3 > thread -i, specify the sampling interval< a class = "headerlink" href = "#thread-i-specify-the-sampling-interval" title = "Permalink to this headline" > ¶< / a > < / h3 >
< div class = "highlight-bash notranslate" > < div class = "highlight hljs" > < pre class = "bash" > $ thread -n 3 -i 1000
" as-command-execute-daemon" Id=4759 cpuUsage=23% RUNNABLE
at sun.management.ThreadImpl.dumpThreads0(Native Method)
at sun.management.ThreadImpl.getThreadInfo(ThreadImpl.java:440)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.command.monitor200.ThreadCommand.processTopBusyThreads(ThreadCommand.java:133)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.command.monitor200.ThreadCommand.process(ThreadCommand.java:79)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.shell.command.impl.AnnotatedCommandImpl.process(AnnotatedCommandImpl.java:96)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.shell.command.impl.AnnotatedCommandImpl.access$100(AnnotatedCommandImpl.java:27)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.shell.command.impl.AnnotatedCommandImpl$ProcessHandler.handle(AnnotatedCommandImpl.java:125)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.shell.command.impl.AnnotatedCommandImpl$ProcessHandler.handle(AnnotatedCommandImpl.java:122)
at com.taobao.arthas.core.shell.system.impl.ProcessImpl$CommandProcessTask.run(ProcessImpl.java:332)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor.runWorker(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:1142)
at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:617)
at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:756)
Number of locked synchronizers = 1
- java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker@546aeec1
...< / pre > < / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< / div >
< footer >
< div class = "rst-footer-buttons" role = "navigation" aria-label = "footer navigation" >
< a href = "jvm.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-right" title = "jvm" accesskey = "n" rel = "next" > Next < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-right" > < / span > < / a >
< a href = "dashboard.html" class = "btn btn-neutral float-left" title = "dashboard" accesskey = "p" rel = "prev" > < span class = "fa fa-arrow-circle-left" > < / span > Previous< / a >
< / div >
< hr / >
< div role = "contentinfo" >
< p >
© Copyright 2018-2019, Alibaba Middleware Group, and contributors
< / p >
< / div >
Built with < a href = "http://sphinx-doc.org/" > Sphinx< / a > using a < a href = "https://github.com/rtfd/sphinx_rtd_theme" > theme< / a > provided by < a href = "https://readthedocs.org" > Read the Docs< / a > .
< / footer >
< / div >
< / div >
< / section >
< / div >
< script type = "text/javascript" >
jQuery(function () {
SphinxRtdTheme.Navigation.enable(true);
});
< / script >
< div class = "github-fork-ribbon-wrapper right" >
< div class = "github-fork-ribbon" >
< a href = "https://github.com/alibaba/arthas" target = "_blank" > Fork me at GitHub< / a >
< / div >
< / div >
< script type = "text/javascript" src = "_static/add_badges.js" > < / script >
< script src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlight.js/9.13.1/highlight.min.js" > < / script >
< script src = "https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/highlightjs-line-numbers.js/2.5.0/highlightjs-line-numbers.min.js" > < / script >
< script >
document.querySelectorAll('div.hljs > pre').forEach(function(block) {
hljs.highlightBlock(block);
hljs.lineNumbersBlock(block);
});
< / script >
< script >
var _hmt = _hmt || [];
(function() {
var hm = document.createElement("script");
hm.src = "https://hm.baidu.com/hm.js?d5c5e25b100f0eb51a4c35c8a86ea9b4";
var s = document.getElementsByTagName("script")[0];
s.parentNode.insertBefore(hm, s);
})();
< / script >
< / body >
< / html >
