/*
 * FreeRTOS V202211.00
 * Copyright (C) 2020 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.  All Rights Reserved.
 *
 * Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
 * this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
 * the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
 * use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
 * the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
 * subject to the following conditions:
 *
 * The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
 * copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 *
 * THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
 * IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS
 * FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR
 * COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER
 * IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN
 * CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
 *
 * https://www.FreeRTOS.org
 * https://github.com/FreeRTOS
 *
 */

/*
 * Logging utility that allows FreeRTOS tasks to log to a UDP port, stdout, and
 * disk file without making any Win32 system calls themselves.
 *
 * Messages logged to a UDP port are sent directly (using FreeRTOS+TCP), but as
 * FreeRTOS tasks cannot make Win32 system calls messages sent to stdout or a
 * disk file are sent via a stream buffer to a Win32 thread which then performs
 * the actual output.
 */

/* Standard includes. */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdarg.h>
#include <io.h>
#include <ctype.h>

/* FreeRTOS includes. */
#include "FreeRTOS.h"
#include "task.h"

/* FreeRTOS+TCP includes. */
#include "FreeRTOS_IP.h"
#include "FreeRTOS_Sockets.h"
#include "FreeRTOS_Stream_Buffer.h"

/* Demo includes. */
#include "logging.h"

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* The maximum size to which the log file may grow, before being renamed
 * to .ful. */
#define dlLOGGING_FILE_SIZE             ( 40ul * 1024ul * 1024ul )

/* Dimensions the arrays into which print messages are created. */
#define dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH       255

/* The size of the stream buffer used to pass messages from FreeRTOS tasks to
 * the Win32 thread that is responsible for making any Win32 system calls that are
 * necessary for the selected logging method. */
#define dlLOGGING_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE    32768

/* A block time of zero simply means don't block. */
#define dlDONT_BLOCK                    0

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

/*
 * Called from vLoggingInit() to start a new disk log file.
 */
static void prvFileLoggingInit( void );

/*
 * Attempt to write a message to the file.
 */
static void prvLogToFile( const char * pcMessage,
                          size_t xLength );

/*
 * Simply close the logging file, if it is open.
 */
static void prvFileClose( void );

/*
 * Before the scheduler is started this function is called directly.  After the
 * scheduler has started it is called from the Windows thread dedicated to
 * outputting log messages.  Only the windows thread actually performs the
 * writing so as not to disrupt the simulation by making Windows system calls
 * from FreeRTOS tasks.
 */
static void prvLoggingFlushBuffer( void );

/*
 * The windows thread that performs the actual writing of messages that require
 * Win32 system calls.  Only the windows thread can make system calls so as not
 * to disrupt the simulation by making Windows calls from FreeRTOS tasks.
 */
static DWORD WINAPI prvWin32LoggingThread( void * pvParam );

/*
 * Creates the socket to which UDP messages are sent.  This function is not
 * called directly to prevent the print socket being created from within the IP
 * task - which could result in a deadlock.  Instead the function call is
 * deferred to run in the RTOS daemon task - hence it prototype.
 */
static void prvCreatePrintSocket( void * pvParameter1,
                                  uint32_t ulParameter2 );

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

/* Windows event used to wake the Win32 thread which performs any logging that
 * needs Win32 system calls. */
static void * pvLoggingThreadEvent = NULL;

/* Stores the selected logging targets passed in as parameters to the
 * vLoggingInit() function. */
BaseType_t xStdoutLoggingUsed = pdFALSE, xDiskFileLoggingUsed = pdFALSE, xUDPLoggingUsed = pdFALSE;

/* Circular buffer used to pass messages from the FreeRTOS tasks to the Win32
 * thread that is responsible for making Win32 calls (when stdout or a disk log is
 * used). */
static StreamBuffer_t * xLogStreamBuffer = NULL;

/* Handle to the file used for logging.  This is left open while there are
 * messages waiting to be logged, then closed again in between logs. */
static FILE * pxLoggingFileHandle = NULL;

/* When true prints are performed directly.  After start up xDirectPrint is set
 * to pdFALSE - at which time prints that require Win32 system calls are done by
 * the Win32 thread responsible for logging. */
BaseType_t xDirectPrint = pdTRUE;

/* File names for the in use and complete (full) log files. */
static const char * pcLogFileName = "RTOSDemo.log";
static const char * pcFullLogFileName = "RTOSDemo.ful";

/* As an optimization, the current file size is kept in a variable. */
static size_t ulSizeOfLoggingFile = 0ul;

/* The UDP socket and address on/to which print messages are sent. */
Socket_t xPrintSocket = FREERTOS_INVALID_SOCKET;
struct freertos_sockaddr xPrintUDPAddress;

/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

void vLoggingInit( BaseType_t xLogToStdout,
                   BaseType_t xLogToFile,
                   BaseType_t xLogToUDP,
                   uint32_t ulRemoteIPAddress,
                   uint16_t usRemotePort )
{
    /* Can only be called before the scheduler has started. */
    configASSERT( xTaskGetSchedulerState() == taskSCHEDULER_NOT_STARTED );

    #if ( ( ipconfigHAS_DEBUG_PRINTF == 1 ) || ( ipconfigHAS_PRINTF == 1 ) )
        {
            HANDLE Win32Thread;

            /* Record which output methods are to be used. */
            xStdoutLoggingUsed = xLogToStdout;
            xDiskFileLoggingUsed = xLogToFile;
            xUDPLoggingUsed = xLogToUDP;

            /* If a disk file is used then initialize it now. */
            if( xDiskFileLoggingUsed != pdFALSE )
            {
                prvFileLoggingInit();
            }

            /* If UDP logging is used then store the address to which the log data
             * will be sent - but don't create the socket yet because the network is
             * not initialized. */
            if( xUDPLoggingUsed != pdFALSE )
            {
                /* Set the address to which the print messages are sent. */
                xPrintUDPAddress.sin_port = FreeRTOS_htons( usRemotePort );
                xPrintUDPAddress.sin_addr = ulRemoteIPAddress;
            }

            /* If a disk file or stdout are to be used then Win32 system calls will
             * have to be made.  Such system calls cannot be made from FreeRTOS tasks
             * so create a stream buffer to pass the messages to a Win32 thread, then
             * create the thread itself, along with a Win32 event that can be used to
             * unblock the thread. */
            if( ( xStdoutLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) || ( xDiskFileLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) )
            {
                /* Create the buffer. */
                xLogStreamBuffer = ( StreamBuffer_t * ) malloc( sizeof( *xLogStreamBuffer ) - sizeof( xLogStreamBuffer->ucArray ) + dlLOGGING_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE + 1 );
                configASSERT( xLogStreamBuffer );
                memset( xLogStreamBuffer, '\0', sizeof( *xLogStreamBuffer ) - sizeof( xLogStreamBuffer->ucArray ) );
                xLogStreamBuffer->LENGTH = dlLOGGING_STREAM_BUFFER_SIZE + 1;

                /* Create the Windows event. */
                pvLoggingThreadEvent = CreateEvent( NULL, FALSE, TRUE, "StdoutLoggingEvent" );

                /* Create the thread itself. */
                Win32Thread = CreateThread(
                    NULL,                  /* Pointer to thread security attributes. */
                    0,                     /* Initial thread stack size, in bytes. */
                    prvWin32LoggingThread, /* Pointer to thread function. */
                    NULL,                  /* Argument for new thread. */
                    0,                     /* Creation flags. */
                    NULL );

                /* Use the cores that are not used by the FreeRTOS tasks. */
                SetThreadAffinityMask( Win32Thread, ~0x01u );
                SetThreadPriorityBoost( Win32Thread, TRUE );
                SetThreadPriority( Win32Thread, THREAD_PRIORITY_IDLE );
            }
        }
    #else /* if ( ( ipconfigHAS_DEBUG_PRINTF == 1 ) || ( ipconfigHAS_PRINTF == 1 ) ) */
        {
            /* FreeRTOSIPConfig is set such that no print messages will be output.
             * Avoid compiler warnings about unused parameters. */
            ( void ) xLogToStdout;
            ( void ) xLogToFile;
            ( void ) xLogToUDP;
            ( void ) usRemotePort;
            ( void ) ulRemoteIPAddress;
        }
    #endif /* ( ipconfigHAS_DEBUG_PRINTF == 1 ) || ( ipconfigHAS_PRINTF == 1 )  */
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static void prvCreatePrintSocket( void * pvParameter1,
                                  uint32_t ulParameter2 )
{
    static const TickType_t xSendTimeOut = pdMS_TO_TICKS( 0 );
    Socket_t xSocket;

    /* The function prototype is that of a deferred function, but the parameters
     * are not actually used. */
    ( void ) pvParameter1;
    ( void ) ulParameter2;

    xSocket = FreeRTOS_socket( FREERTOS_AF_INET, FREERTOS_SOCK_DGRAM, FREERTOS_IPPROTO_UDP );

    if( xSocket != FREERTOS_INVALID_SOCKET )
    {
        /* FreeRTOS+TCP decides which port to bind to. */
        FreeRTOS_setsockopt( xSocket, 0, FREERTOS_SO_SNDTIMEO, &xSendTimeOut, sizeof( xSendTimeOut ) );
        FreeRTOS_bind( xSocket, NULL, 0 );

        /* Now the socket is bound it can be assigned to the print socket. */
        xPrintSocket = xSocket;
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

void vLoggingPrintf( const char * pcFormat,
                     ... )
{
    char cPrintString[ dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH ];
    char cOutputString[ dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH ];
    char * pcSource, * pcTarget, * pcBegin;
    size_t xLength, xLength2, rc;
    static BaseType_t xMessageNumber = 0;
    static BaseType_t xAfterLineBreak = pdTRUE;
    va_list args;
    uint32_t ulIPAddress;
    const char * pcTaskName;
    const char * pcNoTask = "None";
    int iOriginalPriority;
    HANDLE xCurrentTask;


    if( ( xStdoutLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) || ( xDiskFileLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) || ( xUDPLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) )
    {
        /* There are a variable number of parameters. */
        va_start( args, pcFormat );

        /* Additional info to place at the start of the log. */
        if( xTaskGetSchedulerState() != taskSCHEDULER_NOT_STARTED )
        {
            pcTaskName = pcTaskGetName( NULL );
        }
        else
        {
            pcTaskName = pcNoTask;
        }

        if( ( xAfterLineBreak == pdTRUE ) && ( strcmp( pcFormat, "\r\n" ) != 0 ) )
        {
            xLength = snprintf( cPrintString, dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH, "%lu %lu [%s] ",
                                xMessageNumber++,
                                ( unsigned long ) xTaskGetTickCount(),
                                pcTaskName );
            xAfterLineBreak = pdFALSE;
        }
        else
        {
            xLength = 0;
            memset( cPrintString, 0x00, dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH );
            xAfterLineBreak = pdTRUE;
        }

        xLength2 = vsnprintf( cPrintString + xLength, dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH - xLength, pcFormat, args );

        if( xLength2 < 0 )
        {
            /* Clean up. */
            xLength2 = dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH - 1 - xLength;
            cPrintString[ dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH - 1 ] = '\0';
        }

        xLength += xLength2;
        va_end( args );

        /* For ease of viewing, copy the string into another buffer, converting
         * IP addresses to dot notation on the way. */
        pcSource = cPrintString;
        pcTarget = cOutputString;

        while( ( *pcSource ) != '\0' )
        {
            *pcTarget = *pcSource;
            pcTarget++;
            pcSource++;

            /* Look forward for an IP address denoted by 'ip'. */
            if( ( isxdigit( pcSource[ 0 ] ) != pdFALSE ) && ( pcSource[ 1 ] == 'i' ) && ( pcSource[ 2 ] == 'p' ) )
            {
                *pcTarget = *pcSource;
                pcTarget++;
                *pcTarget = '\0';
                pcBegin = pcTarget - 8;

                while( ( pcTarget > pcBegin ) && ( isxdigit( pcTarget[ -1 ] ) != pdFALSE ) )
                {
                    pcTarget--;
                }

                sscanf( pcTarget, "%8X", &ulIPAddress );
                rc = sprintf( pcTarget, "%lu.%lu.%lu.%lu",
                              ( unsigned long ) ( ulIPAddress >> 24UL ),
                              ( unsigned long ) ( ( ulIPAddress >> 16UL ) & 0xffUL ),
                              ( unsigned long ) ( ( ulIPAddress >> 8UL ) & 0xffUL ),
                              ( unsigned long ) ( ulIPAddress & 0xffUL ) );
                pcTarget += rc;
                pcSource += 3; /* skip "<n>ip" */
            }
        }

        /* How far through the buffer was written? */
        xLength = ( BaseType_t ) ( pcTarget - cOutputString );

        /* If the message is to be logged to a UDP port then it can be sent directly
         * because it only uses FreeRTOS function (not Win32 functions). */
        if( xUDPLoggingUsed != pdFALSE )
        {
            if( ( xPrintSocket == FREERTOS_INVALID_SOCKET ) && ( FreeRTOS_IsNetworkUp() != pdFALSE ) )
            {
                /* Create and bind the socket to which print messages are sent.  The
                 * xTimerPendFunctionCall() function is used even though this is
                 * not an interrupt because this function is called from the IP task
                 * and the	IP task cannot itself wait for a socket to bind.  The
                 * parameters to prvCreatePrintSocket() are not required so set to
                 * NULL or 0. */
                xTimerPendFunctionCall( prvCreatePrintSocket, NULL, 0, dlDONT_BLOCK );
            }

            if( xPrintSocket != FREERTOS_INVALID_SOCKET )
            {
                FreeRTOS_sendto( xPrintSocket, cOutputString, xLength, 0, &xPrintUDPAddress, sizeof( xPrintUDPAddress ) );

                /* Just because the UDP data logger I'm using is dumb. */
                FreeRTOS_sendto( xPrintSocket, "\r", sizeof( char ), 0, &xPrintUDPAddress, sizeof( xPrintUDPAddress ) );
            }
        }

        /* If logging is also to go to either stdout or a disk file then it cannot
         * be output here - so instead write the message to the stream buffer and wake
         * the Win32 thread which will read it from the stream buffer and perform the
         * actual output. */
        if( ( xStdoutLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) || ( xDiskFileLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) )
        {
            configASSERT( xLogStreamBuffer );

            /* How much space is in the buffer? */
            xLength2 = uxStreamBufferGetSpace( xLogStreamBuffer );

            /* There must be enough space to write both the string and the length of
             * the string. */
            if( xLength2 >= ( xLength + sizeof( xLength ) ) )
            {
                /* First write in the length of the data, then write in the data
                 * itself.  Raising the thread priority is used as a critical section
                 * as there are potentially multiple writers.  The stream buffer is
                 * only thread safe when there is a single writer (likewise for
                 * reading from the buffer). */
                xCurrentTask = GetCurrentThread();
                iOriginalPriority = GetThreadPriority( xCurrentTask );
                SetThreadPriority( GetCurrentThread(), THREAD_PRIORITY_TIME_CRITICAL );
                uxStreamBufferAdd( xLogStreamBuffer, 0, ( const uint8_t * ) &( xLength ), sizeof( xLength ) );
                uxStreamBufferAdd( xLogStreamBuffer, 0, ( const uint8_t * ) cOutputString, xLength );
                SetThreadPriority( GetCurrentThread(), iOriginalPriority );
            }

            /* xDirectPrint is initialized to pdTRUE, and while it remains true the
             * logging output function is called directly.  When the system is running
             * the output function cannot be called directly because it would get
             * called from both FreeRTOS tasks and Win32 threads - so instead wake the
             * Win32 thread responsible for the actual output. */
            if( xDirectPrint != pdFALSE )
            {
                /* While starting up, the thread which calls prvWin32LoggingThread()
                 * is not running yet and xDirectPrint will be pdTRUE. */
                prvLoggingFlushBuffer();
            }
            else if( pvLoggingThreadEvent != NULL )
            {
                /* While running, wake up prvWin32LoggingThread() to send the
                 * logging data. */
                SetEvent( pvLoggingThreadEvent );
            }
        }
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static void prvLoggingFlushBuffer( void )
{
    size_t xLength;
    char cPrintString[ dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH ];

    /* Is there more than the length value stored in the circular buffer
     * used to pass data from the FreeRTOS simulator into this Win32 thread? */
    while( uxStreamBufferGetSize( xLogStreamBuffer ) > sizeof( xLength ) )
    {
        memset( cPrintString, 0x00, dlMAX_PRINT_STRING_LENGTH );
        uxStreamBufferGet( xLogStreamBuffer, 0, ( uint8_t * ) &xLength, sizeof( xLength ), pdFALSE );
        uxStreamBufferGet( xLogStreamBuffer, 0, ( uint8_t * ) cPrintString, xLength, pdFALSE );

        /* Write the message to standard out if requested to do so when
         * vLoggingInit() was called, or if the network is not yet up. */
        if( ( xStdoutLoggingUsed != pdFALSE ) || ( FreeRTOS_IsNetworkUp() == pdFALSE ) )
        {
            /* Write the message to stdout. */
            _write( _fileno( stdout ), cPrintString, strlen( cPrintString ) );
        }

        /* Write the message to a file if requested to do so when
         * vLoggingInit() was called. */
        if( xDiskFileLoggingUsed != pdFALSE )
        {
            prvLogToFile( cPrintString, xLength );
        }
    }

    prvFileClose();
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static DWORD WINAPI prvWin32LoggingThread( void * pvParameter )
{
    const DWORD xMaxWait = 1000;

    ( void ) pvParameter;

    /* From now on, prvLoggingFlushBuffer() will only be called from this
     * Windows thread */
    xDirectPrint = pdFALSE;

    for( ; ; )
    {
        /* Wait to be told there are message waiting to be logged. */
        WaitForSingleObject( pvLoggingThreadEvent, xMaxWait );

        /* Write out all waiting messages. */
        prvLoggingFlushBuffer();
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static void prvFileLoggingInit( void )
{
    FILE * pxHandle = fopen( pcLogFileName, "a" );

    if( pxHandle != NULL )
    {
        fseek( pxHandle, SEEK_END, 0ul );
        ulSizeOfLoggingFile = ftell( pxHandle );
        fclose( pxHandle );
    }
    else
    {
        ulSizeOfLoggingFile = 0ul;
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static void prvFileClose( void )
{
    if( pxLoggingFileHandle != NULL )
    {
        fclose( pxLoggingFileHandle );
        pxLoggingFileHandle = NULL;
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

static void prvLogToFile( const char * pcMessage,
                          size_t xLength )
{
    if( pxLoggingFileHandle == NULL )
    {
        pxLoggingFileHandle = fopen( pcLogFileName, "a" );
    }

    if( pxLoggingFileHandle != NULL )
    {
        fwrite( pcMessage, 1, xLength, pxLoggingFileHandle );
        ulSizeOfLoggingFile += xLength;

        /* If the file has grown to its maximum permissible size then close and
         * rename it - then start with a new file. */
        if( ulSizeOfLoggingFile > ( size_t ) dlLOGGING_FILE_SIZE )
        {
            prvFileClose();

            if( _access( pcFullLogFileName, 00 ) == 0 )
            {
                remove( pcFullLogFileName );
            }

            rename( pcLogFileName, pcFullLogFileName );
            ulSizeOfLoggingFile = 0;
        }
    }
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/

void vPlatformInitLogging(void)
{
    vLoggingInit(pdTRUE, pdFALSE, pdFALSE, 0U, 0U);
}
/*-----------------------------------------------------------*/